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LIFE, short for Laser Inertial Fusion Energy, was a fusion energy effort run at Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory between 2008 and 2013. LIFE aimed to develop the technologies necessary to convert the laser-driven inertial confinement fusion concept being developed in the National Ignition Facility (NIF) into a practical commercial power ...
Laser beams or laser-produced X-rays rapidly heat the surface of the fusion target, forming a surrounding plasma envelope. Fuel is compressed by the rocket-like blowoff of the hot surface material. During the final part of the capsule implosion, the fuel core reaches 20 times the density of lead and ignites at 100,000,000 ˚C.
10-beam NIR and frequency-tripled 351 nm UV laser; fusion yield of 10 13 neutrons; attempted ignition, but failed due to fluid instability of targets; led to construction of NIF: 1.3 PW: 120 kJ: 30 J: Livermore: LLNL: ISKRA-5: Operational-1989: 12-beam iodine gas laser, fusion yield 10 10 to 10 11 neutrons [93] 100 TW: 30 kJ: 0.3 J: Sarov: RFNC ...
A NIF fusion shot on September 27, 2013, produced more energy than was absorbed by the deuterium–tritium fuel. [120] This has been confused with having reached "scientific breakeven", [121] [122] defined as the fusion energy exceeding the laser input energy. [123] Using this definition gives 14.4 kJ out and 1.8 MJ in, a ratio of 0.008. [120]
The High Power laser Energy Research facility (HiPER), is a proposed experimental laser-driven inertial confinement fusion (ICF) device undergoing preliminary design for possible construction in the European Union. As of 2019, the effort appears to be inactive.
Nova was a high-power laser built at the Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory (LLNL) in California, United States, in 1984 which conducted advanced inertial confinement fusion (ICF) experiments until its dismantling in 1999. Nova was the first ICF experiment built with the intention of reaching "ignition", the condition where self heating of ...
ISKRA-6 is a laser under investigation for future construction by VNIIEF which would be in the near-NIF and LMJ class of extremely high energy, high power frequency tripled Nd:glass lasers used to access the ignition regime of imploding DT fusion fuel capsules for nuclear weapons research. ISKRA-6 would be a 128 beam laser capable of ...
Nike was completed in the late 1980s and is used for investigations into inertial confinement fusion. By using a KrF laser with induced spatial incoherence (ISI) optical smoothing, the modulations in the laser focal profile (beam intensity anisotropy) are only 1% in one beam and < 0.3% with a 44-beam overlap.