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The oxidation state of an atom is the charge of this atom after ionic approximation of its heteronuclear bonds. ... method to determine the oxidation state. [174]
The oxidation states are also maintained in articles of the elements (of course), and systematically in the table {{Infobox element/symbol-to-oxidation-state}}
The bond valence method or mean method (or bond valence sum) (not to be mistaken for the valence bond theory in quantum chemistry) is a popular method in coordination chemistry to estimate the oxidation states of atoms. It is derived from the bond valence model, which is a simple yet robust model for validating chemical structures with ...
[1] [2] The adjacent oxidation states, however, will favor comproportionation if the middle oxidation state is in the “bottom of a valley”. [2] By Jensen's inequality, drawing the line between the oxidation state to the left and the one to the right and seeing if the species lies above or below this line is a quick way to determine ...
Oxidation state localized orbitals (OSLOs) is a new concept used to determine the oxidation states of each fragment for the coordination complexes. [1] Based on the result of density functional theory (DFT), all the occupied molecular orbitals are remixed to get the oxidation state localized orbitals.
"Oxide" itself is the dianion (anion bearing a net charge of –2) of oxygen, an O 2– ion with oxygen in the oxidation state of −2. Most of the Earth's crust consists of oxides. Even materials considered pure elements often develop an oxide coating.
The chemical state of a group of elements, can be similar to, but not identical to, the chemical state of another similar group of elements because the two groups have different ratios of the same elements and exhibit different chemical, electronic, and physical properties that can be detected by various spectroscopic techniques.
Mantle oxidation state changes because of the existence of polyvalent elements (elements with more than one valence state, e.g. Fe, Cr, V, Ti, Ce, Eu, C and others). Among them, Fe is the most abundant (≈8 wt% of the mantle [2]) and its oxidation state largely reflects the oxidation state of mantle.