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Phosphine (IUPAC name: phosphane) is a colorless, flammable, highly toxic compound with the chemical formula P H 3, classed as a pnictogen hydride.Pure phosphine is odorless, but technical grade samples have a highly unpleasant odor like rotting fish, due to the presence of substituted phosphine and diphosphane (P 2 H 4).
The latter is a common feature of the chemistry of phosphorus. As a result, the lone pair of trimethylphosphine has predominantly s-character as is the case for phosphine, PH 3. [10] Tertiary phosphines are pyramidal. When the organic substituents all differ, the phosphine is chiral and
Compounds related to phosphine oxides include phosphine imides (R 3 PNR') and related chalcogenides (R 3 PE, where E = S, Se, Te). These compounds are some of the most thermally stable organophosphorus compounds. In general, they are less basic than the corresponding phosphine oxides, which can adduce to thiophosphoryl halides: [7]: 73
One of the first applications of phosphine ligands in catalysis was the use of triphenylphosphine in "Reppe" chemistry (1948), which included reactions of alkynes, carbon monoxide, and alcohols. [16] In his studies, Reppe discovered that this reaction more efficiently produced acrylic esters using NiBr 2 (PPh 3) 2 as a catalyst instead of NiBr 2.
Phosphines or phosphanes are phosphorus compounds derived from phosphine and have the general structure R 3 P. For the nitrogen analogues, please see Category:Inorganic amines . Wikimedia Commons has media related to Phosphines .
Two P-chiral "Kwon phosphines". [1]P-Chiral phosphines are organophosphorus compounds of the formula PRR′R″, where R, R′, R″ = H, alkyl, aryl, etc. They are a subset of chiral phosphines, a broader class of compounds where the stereogenic center can reside at sites other than phosphorus.
The compound exhibits the properties characteristic of a primary phosphine, i.e., a compound of the type RPH 2. It can be oxidized to methylphosphonous acid: MePH 2 + O 2 → MeP(H)O 2 H. It protonates to give a phosphonium ion: MePH 2 + H + → MePH 3 + With strong bases, it can be deprotonated to give methylphosphanide derivatives:
Phosphine (PH 3) and its organic derivatives (PR 3) are structural analogues of ammonia (NH 3), but the bond angles at phosphorus are closer to 90° for phosphine and its organic derivatives. Phosphine is an ill-smelling, toxic gas. Phosphorus has an oxidation number of −3 in phosphine. Phosphine is produced by hydrolysis of calcium phosphide ...