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If a mechanical system has no losses, then the input power must equal the output power. This provides a simple formula for the mechanical advantage of the system. Let the input power to a device be a force F A acting on a point that moves with velocity v A and the output power be a force F B acts on a point that moves with velocity v B.
Efficiency of power plants, world total, 2008. Energy conversion efficiency (η) is the ratio between the useful output of an energy conversion machine and the input, in energy terms. The input, as well as the useful output may be chemical, electric power, mechanical work, light (radiation), or heat. The resulting value, η (eta), ranges ...
Fuel cell (chemical energy → electrical energy) Geothermal power (heat→ electrical energy) Heat engines, such as the internal combustion engine used in cars, or the steam engine (heat → mechanical energy) Hydroelectric dam (gravitational potential energy → electrical energy) Electric lamp (electrical energy → heat and light)
In mechanical engineering, mechanical efficiency is a dimensionless ratio that measures the efficiency of a mechanism or machine in transforming the power input to the device to power output. A machine is a mechanical linkage in which force is applied at one point, and the force does work moving a load at another point.
A hydroelectric powerplant converts the mechanical energy of water in a storage dam into electrical energy. [ 20 ] An internal combustion engine is a heat engine that obtains mechanical energy from chemical energy by burning fuel .
Other types of electrical equipment also produce an emf, such as batteries, which convert chemical energy, and generators, which convert mechanical energy. [4] This energy conversion is achieved by physical forces applying physical work on electric charges .
The red curve shows the power in the load, normalized relative to its maximum possible. The dark blue curve shows the efficiency η. The efficiency η is the ratio of the power dissipated by the load resistance R L to the total power dissipated by the circuit (which includes the voltage source's resistance of R S as well as R L):
Mechanical power: P = W = J s −1: M L 2 T ... The mechanical work done by an external agent on a system is equal to the change in kinetic energy of the system ...