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Hormone or peptide Major tissue locations in the gut Principal known actions Bombesin: Throughout the gut and pancreas: Stimulates release of cholecystokinin (CCK) and gastrin Calcitonin gene-related peptide: Enteric nerves: Unclear Chromogranin A: Neuroendocrine cells: Secretory protein Enkephalins: Stomach, duodenum: Opiate-like actions ...
Secretin is a hormone that regulates water homeostasis throughout the body and influences the environment of the duodenum by regulating secretions in the stomach, pancreas, and liver. It is a peptide hormone produced in the S cells of the duodenum, which are located in the intestinal glands. [5] In humans, the secretin peptide is encoded by the ...
The following enzymes/hormones are produced in the duodenum: secretin: This is an endocrine hormone produced by the duodenal "S cells" in response to the acidity of the gastric chyme. Cholecystokinin (CCK) is a unique peptide released by the duodenal "I cells" in response to chyme containing high fat or protein content.
Enteroendocrine cells are specialized cells of the gastrointestinal tract and pancreas with endocrine function. They produce gastrointestinal hormones or peptides in response to various stimuli and release them into the bloodstream for systemic effect, diffuse them as local messengers, or transmit them to the enteric nervous system to activate nervous responses.
CCK has been shown to interact with the cholecystokinin A receptor located mainly on pancreatic acinar cells and cholecystokinin B receptor mostly in the brain and stomach. CCK B receptor also binds gastrin, a gastrointestinal hormone involved in stimulating gastric acid release and growth of the gastric mucosa.
Gastrin is a linear peptide hormone produced by G cells of the duodenum and in the pyloric antrum of the stomach.It is secreted into the bloodstream. The encoded polypeptide is preprogastrin, which is cleaved by enzymes in posttranslational modification to produce progastrin (an intermediate, inactive precursor) and then gastrin in various forms, primarily the following three:
duodenum: S cell: SCT receptor: Secretion of bicarbonate from liver, pancreas and duodenal Brunner's glands. Enhances effects of cholecystokinin Stops production of gastric juice 58 Somatostatin (or growth hormone–inhibiting hormone or growth hormone release–inhibiting hormone or
Vasoactive intestinal peptide, also known as vasoactive intestinal polypeptide or VIP, is a peptide hormone that is vasoactive in the intestine. VIP is a peptide of 28 amino acid residues that belongs to a glucagon/secretin superfamily, the ligand of class II G protein–coupled receptors. [5]