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Developments in targeted drug delivery to tumors have provided the groundwork for the burgeoning field of targeted drug delivery to cardiac tissue. [5] Recent developments have shown that there are different endothelial surfaces in tumors, which has led to the concept of endothelial cell adhesion molecule-mediated targeted drug delivery to tumors.
Conventional drug delivery is limited by the inability to control dosing, target specific sites, and achieve targeted permeability. Traditional methods of delivering therapeutics to the body experience challenges in achieving and maintaining maximum therapeutic effect while avoiding the effects of drug toxicity.
Biomarkers are usually required to aid the selection of patients who will likely respond to a given targeted therapy. [6] Co-targeted therapy involves the use of one or more therapeutics aimed at multiple targets, for example PI3K and MEK, in an attempt to generate a synergistic response [5] and prevent the development of drug resistance. [7] [8]
Ligand-targeted liposomes are a promising method of drug delivery. These systems are efficient in delivering the drug to localized areas with low peripheral distribution, which minimizes off-target effects. The favorable biodistribution to target tissue is an encouraging property of this drug delivery system.
Liposomes were first reported as drug-delivery vehicles in the 1960s and are biomimetic nanosomes composed of phospholipid bilayers. Due to their biocompatibility, biodegradability, and ability to encapsulate both hydrophilic and hydrophobic drugs, liposomes are a popular choice for pH-responsive tumor-targeted drug delivery.
Targeted drug delivery is the delivery of a drug to its target site without having an effect on other tissues. [22] Interest in targeted drug delivery has grown drastically due to its potential implications in the treatment of cancers and other chronic diseases.
The last image we have of Patrick Cagey is of his first moments as a free man. He has just walked out of a 30-day drug treatment center in Georgetown, Kentucky, dressed in gym clothes and carrying a Nike duffel bag. The moment reminds his father of Patrick’s graduation from college, and he takes a picture of his son with his cell phone.
The first drug delivery system is often dated to the 1950s, when Smith Kline & French Laboratories introduced the Spansule technology. [2] Between 1950s and 1980s, there were four drug release systems developed for oral and transdermal applications: dissolution, diffusion, osmosis, and ion-exchange controlled release. [ 3 ]
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