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The Engels family house at Barmen (now in Wuppertal), Germany. Friedrich Engels was born on 28 November 1820 in Barmen, Jülich-Cleves-Berg, Prussia (now Wuppertal, Germany), as the eldest son of Friedrich Engels Sr. (1796–1860) and of Elisabeth "Elise" Franziska Mauritia van Haar (1797–1873). [6]
Engels' first book, it was originally written in German; an English translation was published in 1887. It was written during Engels' 1842–44 stay in Salford and Manchester , the city at the heart of the Industrial Revolution , and compiled from Engels' own observations and detailed contemporary reports.
Engels' pause was accompanied by major changes in the social security and party systems, elementary schools, urban planning, public transport and many other areas of society. It has been argued that a similar transformation is underway in industrialised Western nations, where digitisation and robotisation are transforming society.
The Baumwollspinnerei Ermen & Engels is a former cotton mill in Engelskirchen, Nordrhein-Westfalen, Germany. It is now part of the LVR Industrial Museum . Location
As the ideas of Marx and Engels took on flesh, particularly in central Europe, socialists sought to unite in an international organisation. In 1889, on the centennial of the French Revolution of 1789, the Second International was founded, with 384 delegates from 20 countries representing about 300 labour and socialist organisations. [ 149 ]
Engels regularly met Marx at Chetham's Library in Manchester, England from 1845 and the alcove where they met remains identical to this day. [91] [92] It was here that Engels relayed his experiences of industrial Manchester, chronicled in the Condition of the Working Class in England, highlighting the struggles of the working class.
This crisis saw a wave of bankruptcies and factory closures throughout Britain and it was in the midst of the aftershocks that this crisis sent across the European continent, Marx asserts, that the February Revolution took place. [2]
Engels also wrote a three part series of articles called "The Condition of England" in January, February and March 1844. [ 11 ] While observing the slums of Manchester in close detail, Engels took notes of the horrors he observed, notably child labour , the despoiled environment and overworked and impoverished labourers.