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  2. Strong focusing - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Strong_focusing

    Sextupole electromagnet as used within the storage ring of the Australian Synchrotron to focus and steer the electron beam. In accelerator physics strong focusing or alternating-gradient focusing is the principle that, using sets of multiple electromagnets, it is possible to make a particle beam simultaneously converge in both directions perpendicular to the direction of travel.

  3. Multicolumn countercurrent solvent gradient purification

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Multicolumn_countercurrent...

    The MCSGP process consists of several, at least two, chromatographic columns which are switched in position opposite to the flow direction. Most of the columns are equipped with a gradient pump to adjust the modifier concentration at the column inlet. Some columns are connected directly, so that non pure product streams are internally recycled.

  4. Diffusiophoresis and diffusioosmosis - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Diffusiophoresis_and_diff...

    This result is for a specific and very simple model, but it does illustrate general features of diffusioosmoisis: 1) the hydrostatic pressure is, by definition (flow induced by pressure gradients in the bulk is a common but separate physical phenomenon) uniform in the bulk, but there is a gradient in the pressure in the interface, 2) this ...

  5. Electrokinetic phenomena - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Electrokinetic_phenomena

    capillary osmosis, as motion of liquid in porous body under influence of the chemical potential gradient; sedimentation potential , as electric field generated by sedimenting colloid particles; streaming potential/current , as either electric potential or current generated by fluid moving through porous body, or relative to flat surface;

  6. Alternating Gradient Synchrotron - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Alternating_Gradient...

    The Alternating Gradient Synchrotron (AGS) is a particle accelerator located at the Brookhaven National Laboratory in Long Island, New York, United States. The Alternating Gradient Synchrotron was built on the innovative concept of the alternating gradient, or strong-focusing principle , developed by Brookhaven physicists.

  7. Suction - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Suction

    Suction is the day-to-day term for the movement of gases or liquids along a pressure gradient with the implication that the movement occurs because the lower pressure pulls the gas or liquid. However, the forces acting in this case do not originate from just the lower pressure side, but also from the side of the higher pressure, as a reaction ...

  8. Mortgage and refinance rates for Dec. 18, 2024: Average ... - AOL

    www.aol.com/finance/mortgage-and-refinance-rates...

    10-year fixed rate. 6.06%. 5/1 adjustable rate mortgage ... projects a 95% chance the Fed will cut rates by a quarter percentage point to a range of 4.25% to 4.50% at ... What does it mean to ...

  9. Potential gradient - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Potential_gradient

    The simplest definition for a potential gradient F in one dimension is the following: [1] = = where ϕ(x) is some type of scalar potential and x is displacement (not distance) in the x direction, the subscripts label two different positions x 1, x 2, and potentials at those points, ϕ 1 = ϕ(x 1), ϕ 2 = ϕ(x 2).