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The ash cloud produced by the eruption, as seen from the village of Toledo, Washington, 35 mi (56 km) to the northwest of Mount St. Helens: The cloud was roughly 40 mi (64 km) wide and 15 mi (24 km; 79,000 ft) high. Ash cloud from Mt. St. Helens as captured by the GOES 3 weather satellite at 15:45 UTC.
The volcanic explosivity index (VEI) is a scale used to measure the size of explosive volcanic eruptions. It was devised by Christopher G. Newhall of the United States Geological Survey and Stephen Self in 1982.
Mount Hood, the nearest major volcanic peak in Oregon, is 60 miles (100 km) southeast of Mount St. Helens. Mount St. Helens is geologically young compared with the other major Cascade volcanoes. It formed only within the past 40,000 years, and the summit cone present before its 1980 eruption began rising about 2,200 years ago. [ 11 ]
Mount Pinatubo Luzon Volcanic Arc 25 81 Inararo Tuff 6 Etna: Campanian volcanic arc: 10 82.8 X4; I-7 7 Lago de Atitlán Central America Volcanic Arc, Guatemala 300 84 Los Chocoyos eruption 6 Kuttara Hokkaidō: 16.8 DRE 84 Kt-6 6 Kussharo Hokkaidō: 25 85 Kp-2/3 6 Kuttara Hokkaidō: 10.8 DRE 84 - 87 Kt-7 7-8 Mount Aso: Kyūshū
Mount St. Helens: 5 United States: 1980 1980 eruption of Mount St. Helens: 56 Mount Etna: 2 Italy: 1843 [6] 56 La Soufrière: 4 Saint Vincent and the Grenadines: 1812 [37] 50 Mount Usu: 4 Japan: 1822 [38] 43 Mount Unzen: 1 Japan: 1991 [39] 40 Dieng Volcanic Complex: 2 Indonesia: 1928 [30] 39 Taal: 4 Philippines: 2020 2020–2022 Taal Volcano ...
More than 400 earthquakes have been detected beneath Washington's Mount St. Helens in recent months, though there are no signs of an imminent eruption, according to the U.S. Geological Survey.
VEI Products Notes Pinatubo, island of Luzon, Philippines: 1991, Jun 15: 6: 6 to 16 km 3 (1.4 to 3.8 cu mi) of tephra [2] an estimated 20 million tons of sulfur dioxide were emitted [17] Mount St. Helens, Washington state, USA: 1980, May 18: 5: 1 to 1.1 km 3 (0.2 to 0.3 cu mi) of tephra: Novarupta, Alaska Peninsula: 1912, Jun 6: 6
The resulting Fish Canyon Tuff has a volume of approximately 1,200 cubic miles (5,000 km 3), giving it a volcanic explosivity index rating of 8. [6] By comparison, the eruption of Mount St. Helens on May 18, 1980, was 0.25 cubic miles (1.0 km 3) in volume. [7]