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The worked-example effect is a learning effect predicted by cognitive load theory. [1] [full citation needed] Specifically, it refers to improved learning observed when worked examples are used as part of instruction, compared to other instructional techniques such as problem-solving [2] [page needed] and discovery learning.
Intrinsic and instrumental goods are not mutually exclusive categories. [10] Some objects are both good in themselves, and also good for getting other objects that are good. "Understanding science" may be such a good, being both worthwhile in and of itself, and as a means of achieving other goods.
A reaction to a video is also an example of active learning. [31] A small group discussion is also an example of active learning because it allows students to express themselves in the classroom. It is more likely for students to participate in small group discussions than in a normal classroom lecture because they are in a more comfortable ...
Instructional design (ID), also known as instructional systems design and originally known as instructional systems development (ISD), is the practice of systematically designing, developing and delivering instructional materials and experiences, both digital and physical, in a consistent and reliable fashion toward an efficient, effective, appealing, engaging and inspiring acquisition of ...
The expertise reversal effect refers to the reversal of the effectiveness of instructional techniques on learners with differing levels of prior knowledge. [1] [2] The primary recommendation that stems from the expertise reversal effect is that instructional design methods need to be adjusted as learners acquire more knowledge in a specific domain.
Change from extrinsic to intrinsic reading motivation. Although incentives are a good motivator, further interest in reading will come from intrinsic wants and needs. Instead of rewarding reading with a gift, relate reading completion to increased reading competency and accomplishment. Organize reading material in an attractive way.
Educational psychology is the branch of psychology concerned with the scientific study of human learning.The study of learning processes, from both cognitive and behavioral perspectives, allows researchers to understand individual differences in intelligence, cognitive development, affect, motivation, self-regulation, and self-concept, as well as their role in learning.
Educational research refers to the systematic collection and analysis of evidence and data related to the field of education. Research may involve a variety of methods [ 1 ] [ 2 ] [ 3 ] and various aspects of education including student learning, interaction, teaching methods , teacher training, and classroom dynamics.