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The affine cipher is a type of monoalphabetic substitution cipher, where each letter in an alphabet is mapped to its numeric equivalent, encrypted using a simple mathematical function, and converted back to a letter. The formula used means that each letter encrypts to one other letter, and back again, meaning the cipher is essentially a ...
Copiale cipher: Solved in 2011 1843 "The Gold-Bug" cryptogram by Edgar Allan Poe: Solved (solution given within the short story) 1882 Debosnys cipher: Unsolved 1885 Beale ciphers: Partially solved (1 out of the 3 ciphertexts solved between 1845 and 1885) 1897 Dorabella Cipher: Unsolved 1903 "The Adventure of the Dancing Men" code by Arthur ...
Celebrity Cipher, distributed by Andrew McMeel, is another cipher game in contemporary culture, challenging the player to decrypt quotes from famous personalities. [6] A cryptoquip is a specific type of cryptogram that usually comes with a clue or a pun. The solution often involves a humorous or witty phrase. [7]
In a simple substitution cipher, each letter of the plaintext is replaced with another, and any particular letter in the plaintext will always be transformed into the same letter in the ciphertext. For instance, if all occurrences of the letter e turn into the letter X , a ciphertext message containing numerous instances of the letter X would ...
C2Net • C-36 (cipher machine) • C-52 (cipher machine) • Caesar cipher • Camellia (cipher) • CAPICOM • Capstone (cryptography) • Cardan grille • Card catalog (cryptology) • Carlisle Adams • CAST-128 • CAST-256 • Cayley–Purser algorithm • CBC-MAC • CCM mode • CCMP • CD-57 • CDMF • Cellular Message Encryption Algorithm • Centiban • Central Security ...
The KL-7, introduced in the mid-1950s, was the first U.S. cipher machine that was considered safe against known-plaintext attack. [8]: p.37 Classical ciphers are typically vulnerable to known-plaintext attack. For example, a Caesar cipher can be solved
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This operation provides the non-linearity in the cipher. The S-box used is derived from the multiplicative inverse over GF(2 8), known to have good non-linearity properties. To avoid attacks based on simple algebraic properties, the S-box is constructed by combining the inverse function with an invertible affine transformation.