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Upon binding of an analyte to the ligand, the real-time kinetic rates (k on, k off) can be measured as changes in fluorescence intensity and the K d can be derived. This method can be used to investigate protein-protein interactions, as well as to investigate modulators of protein-protein interactions by assessing ternary complex formation.
Two-hybrid screening (originally known as yeast two-hybrid system or Y2H) is a molecular biology technique used to discover protein–protein interactions (PPIs) [1] and protein–DNA interactions [2] [3] by testing for physical interactions (such as binding) between two proteins or a single protein and a DNA molecule, respectively.
Directed evolution is a mimic of the natural evolution cycle in a laboratory setting. Evolution requires three things to happen: variation between replicators, that the variation causes fitness differences upon which selection acts, and that this variation is heritable.
A typical workflow of a peptide mass fingerprinting experiment. Peptide mass fingerprinting (PMF), also known as protein fingerprinting, is an analytical technique for protein identification in which the unknown protein of interest is first cleaved into smaller peptides, whose absolute masses can be accurately measured with a mass spectrometer such as MALDI-TOF or ESI-TOF. [1]
The McDonald–Kreitman test [1] is a statistical test often used by evolutionary and population biologists to detect and measure the amount of adaptive evolution within a species by determining whether adaptive evolution has occurred, and the proportion of substitutions that resulted from positive selection (also known as directional selection).
Protein methods are the techniques used to study proteins.There are experimental methods for studying proteins (e.g., for detecting proteins, for isolating and purifying proteins, and for characterizing the structure and function of proteins, [1] often requiring that the protein first be purified).
The advantages with using tagged proteins are so great that this technique has become commonplace for all types of immunoprecipitation, including all of the types of IP detailed above. Examples of tags in use are the green fluorescent protein (GFP) tag, glutathione-S-transferase (GST) tag and the FLAG-tag tag. While the use of a tag to enable ...
The proximity extension assay (PEA) is a method for detecting and quantifying the amount of many specific proteins present in a biological sample such as serum or plasma. [1] The method is used in the research field of proteomics , specifically affinity proteomics, [ 2 ] where in one searches for differences in the abundance of many specific ...