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The expansion of Roman citizenship in the Antonine Constitution in 212 AD radically changed the concept of romanitas and aided in the further assimilation of native Iberian cultures. Three Roman emperors, Theodosius I, Trajan and Hadrian, came from the Roman provinces of Hispania, as did the authors Quintilian, Martialis, Lucan and Seneca.
Creolization [21] – Romanization occurs as a result of negotiation between different elements of non-egalitarian societies and so material culture is ambiguous. One additional reason behind the romanization process was the "Spread of Catholicism". Christianity actually is centered in Rome, and believes that a Roman Bishop is the supreme head ...
Hispania [1] was the Roman name for the Iberian Peninsula.Under the Roman Republic, Hispania was divided into two provinces: Hispania Citerior and Hispania Ulterior.During the Principate, Hispania Ulterior was divided into two new provinces, Baetica and Lusitania, while Hispania Citerior was renamed Hispania Tarraconensis.
The last three were members of the Annaea family, a prominent Roman gens settled in Córdoba. Facts that the Emperor Vespasian was rewarding when he granted the Ius latii that extended the rights pertaining to Roman citizenship to the inhabitants of Hispania, an honor that secured the loyalty of the Baetian elite and its middle class.
The Romans decided to fight two campaigns, one in Africa (the Roman name for today's Tunisia and western Libya, Carthage's homeland) and one in Hispania. Six Roman legions (24,000 infantry and 1,800 cavalry) and 40,000 infantry of Italian allies and 4,400 allied cavalry were levied. A fleet of 220 ships of war and 20 light galleys was prepared.
List of governors of Hispania Tarraconensis, also known as Hispania Citerior. This imperial province was created from Hispania Ulterior in 27 BC, and existed until AD 293 when Diocletian divided it into 3 smaller provinces.
Hispania Ulterior (English: "Further Hispania", or occasionally "Thither Hispania" [1]) was a Roman province located in Hispania (on the Iberian Peninsula) during the Roman Republic, roughly located in Baetica and in the Guadalquivir valley of modern Spain and extending to all of Lusitania (modern Portugal, Extremadura and a small part of Salamanca province) and Gallaecia (modern Northern ...
[5] [6] [7] However, based on archeological findings, Lusitanians and Vettones seem to have been largely pre-Celtic Indo-European populations that adopted Celtic cultural elements by proximity. On the other hand, Pliny the Elder and Pomponius Mela distinguished the Lusitanians from neighboring Celtic groups in their geographical writings.