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While CUP and LUP numbers were intended to be comparable to the crushing power of a given pressure, the numbers are not equivalent. Since a longer duration, lower pressure pulse can crush the cylinder as much as a shorter duration, higher pressure pulse, CUP and LUP pressures frequently register lower than actual peak pressures (as measured by a transducer) by up to 20 %.
Within firearms, chamber pressure is the pressure exerted by a cartridge case's outside walls on the inside of a firearm's chamber when the cartridge is fired. The SI unit for chamber pressure is the megapascal (MPa), while the American SAAMI uses the pound per square inch (psi, symbol lbf/in 2) and the European CIP uses bar (1 bar is equal to 0.1 MPa).
[4] [5] [6] The Kistler ballistic pressure measurement sensor 6215 has a maximum working pressure of 600 MPa (87,023 psi) and is mounted recessed inside the cartridge case (the face of high-pressure sensor does not contact the cartridge case) and requires that the test cartridge case have a hole drilled in it prior to testing. The test ...
During firing, the chamber pressure rises from atmospheric pressure to, in a typical rifle cartridge, pressures of about 340 megapascals (50,000 psi) within microseconds. This rapid increase in pressure causes the barrel to vibrate at a certain natural frequency, much like a tuning fork. The point in time at which the bullet exits the barrel ...
Pressure recorded in C.I.P. design barrel at mid-case position 12.7 mm (12.7×99mm NATO) Designed to chamber NATO ammunition: 417.0 / (60,481) 521.3 / (75,608) Pressure recorded in NATO design EPVAT Barrel with Kistler 6215 Transducer, HPI GP6 Transducer or by equipment to C.I.P. requirements All other small arms ammunition for use in "non-NATO ...
Large rifle: Maximum pressure : 39,900 psi (275 MPa) Maximum pressure : 33,500 psi (231 MPa) Maximum CUP: 33,500 CUP: Ballistic performance; Bullet mass/type
[6] [7] [8] The new Casull round uses a small rifle primer rather than a pistol primer, because it develops extremely high chamber pressures of over 50,000 CUP (copper units of pressure) (410 MPa), which are rifle levels of pressure. It requires the use of a rifle primer to withstand those significantly greater pressures, blurring the ...
In C.I.P.-regulated countries, every rifle cartridge combo has to be proofed at 125% of this maximum C.I.P. pressure to certify for sale to consumers. This means that .308 Winchester chambered arms in C.I.P.-regulated countries are currently (2008) proof tested at 519.00 MPa (75,275 psi) PE piezo pressure. [12]