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TMP/SMX is commonly used due to its ability to achieve high concentrations in urinary tract tissues and urine. This antibiotic combination demonstrates notable efficacy in both the treatment and prophylaxis of recurrent urinary tract infections. [12] Common adverse effects include nausea, vomiting, rash,pruritus, and photosensitivity. [26]
Ciprofloxacin is a fluoroquinolone antibiotic used to treat a number of bacterial infections. [5] This includes bone and joint infections, intra-abdominal infections, certain types of infectious diarrhea, respiratory tract infections, skin infections, typhoid fever, and urinary tract infections, among others. [5]
The risk appears to be higher among people older than 60 and those also taking corticosteroids; [27] the risk also may be higher among people who are male, have a pre-existing joint or tendon issue, have kidney disease, or are highly active. [28] Some experts have advised avoidance of fluoroquinolones in athletes. [28]
The evidence that preventive antibiotics decrease urinary tract infections in children is poor. [72] However recurrent UTIs are a rare cause of further kidney problems if there are no underlying abnormalities of the kidneys, resulting in less than a third of a percent (0.33%) of chronic kidney disease in adults. [73]
Uses of nitrofurantoin include the treatment of uncomplicated urinary tract infections (UTIs) and prophylaxis against UTIs in people prone to recurrent UTIs. [9] It is a first-line therapy for acute uncomplicated cystitis. [21] It is not recommended for empiric treatment of hospital-acquired UTIs. [21]
Plazomicin, sold under the brand name Zemdri, is an aminoglycoside antibiotic used to treat complicated urinary tract infections. [2] As of 2019 it is recommended only for those in whom alternatives are not an option. [2] It is given by injection into a vein. [2] Common side effects include kidney problems, diarrhea, nausea, and blood pressure ...
Levofloxacin is also used as antibiotic eye drops to prevent bacterial infection. Usage of levofloxacin eye drops, along with an antibiotic injection of cefuroxime or penicillin during cataract surgery, has been found to lower the chance of developing endophthalmitis, compared to eye drops or injections alone. [23]
Ofloxacin is a quinolone antibiotic useful for the treatment of a number of bacterial infections. [1] When taken by mouth or injection into a vein , these include pneumonia , cellulitis , urinary tract infections , prostatitis , plague , and certain types of infectious diarrhea .
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