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The vast majority of Gestapo officers came from the police forces of the Weimar Republic; members of the SS, the SA, and the Nazi Party also joined the Gestapo but were less numerous. [104] By March 1937, the Gestapo employed an estimated 6,500 people in fifty-four regional offices across the Reich. [ 105 ]
On 30 June 1934 the SS and Gestapo acted in coordinated mass arrests that continued for two days. The SS took one of its most decisive steps in eliminating its competition for command of security within Germany and established itself firmly in the Nazi hierarchy, making the SS and its intelligence organ, the SD, responsible only to the Führer.
2nd pattern SS Totenkopf, 1934–45. While different uniforms existed [1] for the SS over time, the all-black SS uniform adopted in 1932 is the most well known. [2] The black–white–red colour scheme was characteristic of the German Empire, and it was later adopted by the Nazi Party.
[6] [7] The two police branches were commonly known as the Orpo and SiPo (Kripo and Gestapo combined), respectively. [5] The idea was to fully identify and integrate the party agency (SD) with the state agency (SiPo). [8] Most of the SiPo members were encouraged or volunteered to become members of the SS and many held a rank in both organisations.
Hitler's Bandit Hunters: The SS and the Nazi Occupation of Europe. Potomac Books. ISBN 978-1-59797-021-1. Browder, George C (1996). Hitler's Enforcers: The Gestapo and the SS Security Service in the Nazi Revolution. Oxford and New York: Oxford University Press. ISBN 978-0-19820-297-4. Dams, Carsten; Stolle, Michael (2014).
Waffen-SS & Allgemeine SS [14] [15] [16] [4] [17] No insignia: Oberster Führer der Schutzstaffel: Reichsführer-SS [a] SS-Oberst-Gruppenführer [b] SS-Obergruppenführer: SS-Gruppenführer: SS-Brigadeführer: SS-Oberführer: SS-Standartenführer: SS-Obersturmbannführer: SS-Sturmbannführer: SS-Hauptsturmführer [c] SS ...
The Allgemeine SS was officially established in the autumn of 1934 to distinguish its members from the SS-Verfügungstruppe (SS Dispositional Troops or SS-VT), which later became the Waffen-SS, and the SS-Totenkopfverbände (SS Death's Head Units or SS-TV), which were in charge of the Nazi concentration camps and extermination camps. SS ...
During Kristallnacht (9–10 November 1938), SS security services clandestinely coordinated violence against Jews as the SS, Gestapo, SD, Kripo, SiPo, and regular police did what they could to ensure that while Jewish synagogues and community centres were destroyed, Jewish-owned businesses and housing remained intact so that they could later be ...