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The different versions of the I-Shift are named AT (Automatic Transmission) or ATO, where the O stands for overdrive. The standard versions have a gear ratio of 1:1, while the overdrive has a ratio of 0.78:1, suitable for long-distance use. The numbers show maximum torque in hundreds of newton metres, plus 12 for the number of gears. [1]
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In December 2020, GM initiated a program to repair or replace 9T65 transmissions which were causing issues. Repairs were limited to external components only. [12] The program applied to vehicles that had less than 18,000 mi (29,000 km) and had been delivered within the past 18 months. [13]
Automated manual transmissions can be semi-automatic or fully-automatic in operation. Several different systems to automate the clutch and/or shifting have been used over the years, but they will generally use one of the following methods of actuation for the clutch and/or shifting: hydraulic or electro-hydraulic actuation, [12] electro-mechanical, [13] pneumatic, [6] [14] [15] electromagnetic ...
The average manual car driver takes between 500 ms and 1 s to perform vertical gear changes (i.e. 1st-2nd, 3rd-4th, 5th-6th) and 1 - 2 s to perform horizontal gear changes (i.e. 2nd-3rd, 4th-5th). Shift time is also dependent on gear throws (distance between gears), ease of movement, ergonomics of the gear stick , and gearbox condition.
The AW70 series was not the only automatic transmission used in Volvo cars of this era. Volvo also used the 4-speed ZF 4HP22 (characterised by a gearshift labeled "P R N D 3 2 1", while the AW70/71/72 had a gearshift labeled "P R N D 2 1" with an overdrive lockout button, side-, then rear-mounted).
All 8L transmissions are based on the same globally patented gearset concept as the ZF 8HP from 2008. While fully retaining the same gearset logic, they differ from this only in the patented [1] arrangement of the components with gearsets 1 and 3 swapped. [2] The 8L 90 is the first 8-speed automatic transmission built by General Motors.
Ford-O-Matic was the first automatic transmission widely used by Ford Motor Company. [2] It was designed by the Warner Gear division of Borg Warner Corporation and introduced in 1951 model year cars, and was called the Merc-O-Matic when installed in Mercury branded cars and Turbo-Drive when installed in Lincoln branded cars. [2]
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