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Famous for the concept of Apeiron, or "the boundless". Anaximenes of Miletus (c. 585 – 525 BC). Of the Milesian school. Believed that all was made of air. Pythagoras of Samos (c. 580 – c. 500 BC). Of the Ionian School. Believed the deepest reality to be composed of numbers, and that souls are immortal. Xenophanes of Colophon (c. 570 – 480 ...
A prominent figure of this period was Augustine of Hippo, one of the most important Church Fathers in Western Christianity. Augustine adopted Plato's thought and Christianized it. His influence dominated medieval philosophy perhaps up to the end of era and the rediscovery of Aristotle's texts.
The following is a list of rationalists, that is, people who theorize about rationalism as a line of thought within the area of Philosophy This is a dynamic list and may never be able to satisfy particular standards for completeness.
List of environmental philosophers; List of epistemologists; List of ethicists; List of existentialists; List of feminist philosophers; List of humanists; List of logicians; List of metaphysicians; List of social and political philosophers; List of phenomenologists; List of philosophers of language; List of philosophers of mind; List of ...
Important figure in German Idealism, and important to the work of Fichte and Hegel. Vasyl Karazin: 1773–1842: Russian and Ukrainian: Enlightenment figure, intellectual, inventor, founder of The Ministry of National Education in Russian Empire and scientific publisher in Ukraine. Founder of Kharkiv University, which now bears his name.
This is a list of philosophers of mind. This is a dynamic list and may never be able to satisfy particular standards for completeness. You can help by adding missing items with reliable sources .
This is a list of notable political philosophers, including some who may be better known for their work in other areas of philosophy. The entries are in order by year of birth to show rough direction of influences and of development of political thought .
Science played an important role in Enlightenment discourse and thought. Many Enlightenment writers and thinkers had backgrounds in the sciences and associated scientific advancement with the overthrow of religion and traditional authority in favour of the development of free speech and thought. [33] There were immediate practical results.