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  2. Polarized light microscopy - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Polarized_light_microscopy

    Directly transmitted light can, optionally, be blocked with a polariser oriented at 90 degrees to the illumination. More complex microscopy techniques which take advantage of polarized light include differential interference contrast microscopy and interference reflection microscopy. Scientists will often use a device called a polarizing plate ...

  3. SEEC microscopy - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/SEEC_microscopy

    A 2006 study on polarized light coherence led to the development of new supports (the surfs) having contrast amplification properties for standard optical microscopy in cross-polarizer mode. [2] Made of optical layers on an opaque or transparent substrate, these supports do not modify the light polarization after reflection even if the ...

  4. Cross-polarization - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cross-polarization

    Cross-polarization (CP), originally published as proton-enhanced nuclear induction spectroscopy (PENIS) [1] [2] is a solid-state nuclear magnetic resonance (ssNMR) technique to transfer nuclear magnetization from different types of nuclei via heteronuclear dipolar interactions.

  5. Near-field scanning optical microscope - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Near-field_scanning...

    The near-field optical (NFO) microscope involved a sub-wavelength aperture at the apex of a metal coated sharply pointed transparent tip, and a feedback mechanism to maintain a constant distance of a few nanometers between the sample and the probe. Lewis et al. were also aware of the potential of an NFO microscope at this time. [14]

  6. Petrographic microscope - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Petrographic_microscope

    Photomicrograph of a thin section of gabbro in cross-polarized light. A petrographic microscope is a type of optical microscope used to identify rocks and minerals in thin sections. The microscope is used in optical mineralogy and petrography, a branch of petrology which focuses on detailed descriptions of rocks

  7. Optical mineralogy - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Optical_mineralogy

    A petrographic microscope, which is an optical microscope fitted with cross-polarizing lenses, a conoscopic lens, and compensators (plates of anisotropic materials; gypsum plates and quartz wedges are common), for crystallographic analysis. Optical mineralogy is the study of minerals and rocks by measuring their optical properties.

  8. Polarization spectroscopy - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Polarization_spectroscopy

    Polarization spectroscopy comprises a set of spectroscopic techniques based on polarization properties of light (not necessarily visible one; UV, X-ray, infrared, or in any other frequency range of the electromagnetic radiation). By analyzing the polarization properties of light, decisions can be made about the media that emitted the light (or ...

  9. Birefringence - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Birefringence

    Birefringence is intentionally introduced (for instance, by making the cross-section elliptical) in order to produce polarization-maintaining optical fibers. Birefringence can be induced (or corrected) in optical fibers through bending them which causes anisotropy in form and stress given the axis around which it is bent and radius of curvature.