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  2. Particle number - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Particle_number

    In thermodynamics, the particle number (symbol N) of a thermodynamic system is the number of constituent particles in that system. [1] The particle number is a fundamental thermodynamic property which is conjugate to the chemical potential. Unlike most physical quantities, the particle number is a dimensionless quantity, specifically a ...

  3. Gell-Mann–Nishijima formula - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gell-Mann–Nishijima_formula

    The Gell-Mann–Nishijima formula (sometimes known as the NNG formula) relates the baryon number B, the strangeness S, the isospin I 3 of quarks and hadrons to the electric charge Q. It was originally given by Kazuhiko Nishijima and Tadao Nakano in 1953, [ 1 ] and led to the proposal of strangeness as a concept, which Nishijima originally ...

  4. List of file signatures - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_file_signatures

    Online File Signature Database for Forensic Practitioners, a private compilation free to Law Enforcement; Man page for compress, uncompress, and zcat on SCO Open Server; Public Database of File Signatures [dead link ‍] Complete list of magic numbers with sample files; the original libmagic data files with thousands of entries as used by file ...

  5. Particle number operator - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Particle_number_operator

    In quantum mechanics, for systems where the total number of particles may not be preserved, the number operator is the observable that counts the number of particles. The following is in bra–ket notation : The number operator acts on Fock space .

  6. Mathematical formulation of the Standard Model - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mathematical_formulation...

    Similarly, the muons and their neutrinos are assigned a muon number of +1 and the tau leptons are assigned a tau lepton number of +1. The Standard Model predicts that each of these three numbers should be conserved separately in a manner similar to the way baryon number is conserved. These numbers are collectively known as lepton family numbers ...

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  8. Play Just Words Online for Free - AOL.com

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    If you love Scrabble, you'll love the wonderful word game fun of Just Words. Play Just Words free online!

  9. List of particles - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_particles

    A WISP (weakly interacting slender particle) is any one of a number of low mass particles that might explain dark matter (such as the axion) A GIMP (gravitationally interacting massive particle) is a particle which provides an alternative explanation of dark matter, instead of the aforementioned WIMP