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A trauma directly on the shoulder and neck region can crush the brachial plexus between the clavicle and the first rib. [ 14 ] Although injuries can occur at any time, many brachial plexus injuries happen during birth: the baby's shoulders may become impacted during the birth process causing the brachial plexus nerves to stretch or tear.
A surgical incision is a cut made through the skin and soft tissue to facilitate an operation or procedure. Often, multiple incisions are possible for an operation. In general, a surgical incision is made as small and unobtrusive as possible to facilitate safe and timely operating conditions and recovery.
Marjolin's ulcer refers to an aggressive ulcerating squamous cell carcinoma presenting in an area of previously traumatized, [1] chronically inflamed, [2] or scarred skin. [3]: 737 [4] They are commonly present in the context of chronic wounds including burn injuries, varicose veins, venous ulcers, [5] ulcers from osteomyelitis, [6] and post radiotherapy scars.
Scar tissue made up of a type of cartilage called fibrocartilage is then formed. Although fibrocartilage is able to fill in articular cartilage defects, its structure is significantly different from that of hyaline cartilage; it is much denser and it doesn't withstand the demands of everyday activities as much as hyaline cartilage.
Scarring caused by acne (left), and photo one day after scar revision surgery: The area around sutures is still swollen from surgery. Scar revision is a process of cutting the scar tissue out. After the excision, the new wound is usually closed up to heal by primary intention, instead of secondary intention. Deeper cuts need a multilayered ...
Adhesions and fibrosis are made of dense fibrous tissue, which are strong and supportive, helping to prevent the injury or micro-injury from reoccurring. However, the fibrotic scar tissue causes the muscle tissue to become stuck together which restricts movement, causing pain, weakness, and limited joint mobility. [15] [16] [17] [18]
Almost 1 in 3 births occur via C-section now, but there is a more patient-centered option called a gentle C-section. ... To this end, providers might put EKG leads on the mother’s side, or on ...
Single or multiple z-plasties can be used. Specific modifications include the double-opposing z-plasty (sometimes called a "jumping man" flap) which can be useful for release of webbing of the medial canthus or release of 1st web space contractures. It is one of the techniques used in scar revision, especially in burn scar contracture.