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  2. Associative array - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Associative_array

    find the value (if any) that is bound to a given key. The argument to this operation is the key, and the value is returned from the operation. If no value is found, some lookup functions raise an exception, while others return a default value (such as zero, null, or a specific value passed to the constructor).

  3. Increment and decrement operators - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Increment_and_decrement...

    The post-increment and post-decrement operators increase (or decrease) the value of their operand by 1, but the value of the expression is the operand's value prior to the increment (or decrement) operation. In languages where increment/decrement is not an expression (e.g., Go), only one version is needed (in the case of Go, post operators only).

  4. MATLAB - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/MATLAB

    MATLAB (an abbreviation of "MATrix LABoratory" [22]) is a proprietary multi-paradigm programming language and numeric computing environment developed by MathWorks.MATLAB allows matrix manipulations, plotting of functions and data, implementation of algorithms, creation of user interfaces, and interfacing with programs written in other languages.

  5. GNU Octave - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/GNU_Octave

    GNU Octave is a scientific programming language for scientific computing and numerical computation.Octave helps in solving linear and nonlinear problems numerically, and for performing other numerical experiments using a language that is mostly compatible with MATLAB.

  6. Sparse matrix - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sparse_matrix

    For example, CSC is (val, row_ind, col_ptr), where val is an array of the (top-to-bottom, then left-to-right) non-zero values of the matrix; row_ind is the row indices corresponding to the values; and, col_ptr is the list of val indexes where each column starts. The name is based on the fact that column index information is compressed relative ...

  7. For loop - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/For_loop

    For-loops can be thought of as shorthands for while-loops which increment and test a loop variable. Various keywords are used to indicate the usage of a for loop: descendants of ALGOL use "for", while descendants of Fortran use "do". There are other possibilities, for example COBOL which uses PERFORM VARYING. The name for-loop comes from the ...

  8. Array (data structure) - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Array_(data_structure)

    The base index of an array can be freely chosen. Usually programming languages allowing n-based indexing also allow negative index values and other scalar data types like enumerations, or characters may be used as an array index. Using zero based indexing is the design choice of many influential programming languages, including C, Java and Lisp ...

  9. Integer overflow - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Integer_overflow

    The register width of a processor determines the range of values that can be represented in its registers. Though the vast majority of computers can perform multiple-precision arithmetic on operands in memory, allowing numbers to be arbitrarily long and overflow to be avoided, the register width limits the sizes of numbers that can be operated on (e.g., added or subtracted) using a single ...