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They struggled simply to survive through famine and the war. During the war, many Caddoan and Creek refugees from Indian Territory came to Osage country in Kansas, further straining their resources. [citation needed] Although the Osage favored the Union by a five to one ratio, they made a treaty with the Confederacy to try to buy some peace.
The Osage Indians were first recorded in 1673 by explorers Louis Joliet and Jacques Marquette. The territory claimed by the Osage at its greatest influence was vast and consisted of what is now southern Missouri, Arkansas, eastern Kansas, and Oklahoma.
By 1920, the Osage were receiving lucrative revenues from royalties and were counted as the richest people in the country. During the 1920s, Osage County was the site of the infamous Osage Indian murders. Because of the great wealth being generated by oil, an estimated 60 tribal members were killed as whites tried to gain their headrights ...
The United States Osage Agent, Cyrus Beede, encouraged the Osage to form an elected form of government. In 1878, the Osage Nation held its first democratic election for a tribal leader. Joseph Pawnee-no-pashe was elected the first "governor" of the Osage Nation and won re-election in 1880. [2]
The town, originally known as Deep Ford, [6] was established in 1872 with the reservation for the Osage Nation, part of Indian Territory. The Osage Indian Agency was located along Bird Creek. One of the three main bands of the tribe settled here. Traders followed, building stores during 1872 and 1873.
The Indian Territory, modern Oklahoma, lay immediately to the south of Kansas and had recently been designated a home for the Five Civilized Tribes of the Cherokee, Chickasaw, Choctaw, Creek, and Seminole. [2] The Osage were split into two major groups, the Great Osage and the Little Osage, and then into separate semi-autonomous bands. [1]
As a result of this pressure the Osage began negotiating the treaty with the Commissioner of Indian Affairs. The Canville Treaty of 1865 required that the United States sell the Osage Lands in Kansas on behalf of the tribe at $1.25 per acre ($3.09/ha) (equivalent to $25 in 2023) and then purchase new lands in Oklahoma using the proceeds from ...
Osage (Unicode block), containing characters from the Osage script Osage-orange, Maclura pomifera , a tree of the mulberry family Osage Indian murders (1921–1925), a group of murders that took place on the Osage Indian Reservation as whites tried to get control of headrights to oil royalties