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  2. Identity (mathematics) - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Identity_(mathematics)

    Visual proof of the Pythagorean identity: for any angle , the point (,) = (⁡, ⁡) lies on the unit circle, which satisfies the equation + =.Thus, ⁡ + ⁡ =. In mathematics, an identity is an equality relating one mathematical expression A to another mathematical expression B, such that A and B (which might contain some variables) produce the same value for all values of the variables ...

  3. Identity function - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Identity_function

    In mathematics, an identity function, also called an identity relation, identity map or identity transformation, is a function that always returns the value that was used as its argument, unchanged. That is, when f is the identity function, the equality f ( x ) = x is true for all values of x to which f can be applied.

  4. List of mathematical identities - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_mathematical...

    Heine's identity; Hermite's identity; Lagrange's identity; Lagrange's trigonometric identities; List of logarithmic identities; MacWilliams identity; Matrix determinant lemma; Newton's identity; Parseval's identity; Pfister's sixteen-square identity; Sherman–Morrison formula; Sophie Germain identity; Sun's curious identity; Sylvester's ...

  5. Woodbury matrix identity - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Woodbury_matrix_identity

    Replacing A and C with the identity matrix I, we obtain another identity which is a bit simpler: (+) = (+). To recover the original equation from this reduced identity , replace U {\displaystyle U} by A − 1 U {\displaystyle A^{-1}U} and V {\displaystyle V} by C V {\displaystyle CV} .

  6. List of trigonometric identities - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_trigonometric...

    Writing and in that equation in terms of and yields a sum-to-product identity for sine: ⁡ + ⁡ = ⁡ (+) ⁡ (). Similarly, the sum of the widths of the red and blue triangles yields the corresponding identity for cosine.

  7. Difference of two squares - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Difference_of_two_squares

    The resulting identity is one of the most commonly used in mathematics. Among many uses, it gives a simple proof of the AM–GM inequality in two variables. The proof holds in any commutative ring. Conversely, if this identity holds in a ring R for all pairs of elements a and b, then R is commutative. To see this, apply the distributive law to ...

  8. Equation - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Equation

    An identity is an equation that is true for all possible values of the variable(s) it contains. Many identities are known in algebra and calculus. In the process of solving an equation, an identity is often used to simplify an equation, making it more easily solvable. In algebra, an example of an identity is the difference of two squares:

  9. Euler's formula - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Euler's_formula

    Euler's formula is ubiquitous in mathematics, physics, chemistry, and engineering. The physicist Richard Feynman called the equation "our jewel" and "the most remarkable formula in mathematics". [2] When x = π, Euler's formula may be rewritten as e iπ + 1 = 0 or e iπ = −1, which is known as Euler's identity.

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