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Simon de Montfort's Parliament was an English parliament held from 20 January 1265 until mid-March of the same year, called by Simon de Montfort, a baronial rebel leader. Montfort had seized power in England following his victory over Henry III at the Battle of Lewes during the Second Barons' War , but his grip on the country was under threat.
Simon de Montfort, 6th Earl of Leicester (c. 1208 – 4 August 1265), later sometimes referred to as Simon V [nb 1] de Montfort to distinguish him from his namesake relatives, was an English nobleman of French origin and a member of the English peerage, who led the baronial opposition to the rule of King Henry III of England, culminating in the Second Barons' War.
Medieval manuscript showing Simon de Montfort's mutilated body at the field of Evesham. De Montfort's success was illusory, however. The terms of the Peace of Canterbury were rejected by a papal legate in negotiations at Boulogne. [29] Meanwhile, the Marcher lords did not leave the country, and remained a thorn in the side of the regime. [30]
The barons were led by Simon de Montfort and after he had defeated Henry III at the Battle of Lewes on 14 May 1264, he held a Parliament at Westminster Palace. Large numbers of clergy and burgesses were invited to attend for the first time in the hope that de Montford would recruit more support for his rebellion, as most of the barons had ...
This put de Montfort in a position of ultimate power, which would last until Prince Edward's escape, and de Montfort's subsequent defeat and death at the Battle of Evesham in August 1265. [2] Following the battle, debts to Jews were cancelled, and the records destroyed; this had been a key war aim. [4] [3]
January 20 – In Westminster, the first elected English parliament (called Montfort's Parliament) conducts its first meeting in the Palace of Westminster, later to be known as the Houses of Parliament. [1] March – End of the Hungarian Civil War (1264–1265) – Battle of Isaszeg: Younger King Stephen decisively defeats his father's army. [2]
Desperate for funds, the King summoned a parliament to meet at Westminster on 9 April. [7] On 12 April, a group of lay magnates came together to offer united resistance to the King's demands for funds. These were Richard de Clare, Roger Bigod, Simon de Montfort, Peter of Savoy, Hugh Bigod, John FitzGeoffrey, and Peter de Montfort.
Elections have been held here since Simon de Montfort's Parliament in 1265 for the county constituency of Middlesex.. Under the Great Reform Act of 1832 and from then onward, Hackney formed part of the new Parliamentary Borough of Tower Hamlets.