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Transkei (/ t r æ n ˈ s k eɪ, t r ɑː n-,-ˈ s k aɪ / tran-SKAY, TRAHN-, - SKY, meaning the area beyond [the river] Kei), officially the Republic of Transkei (Xhosa: iRiphabliki yeTranskei), was an unrecognised state in the southeastern region of South Africa from 1976 to 1994.
The Transkei Defence Force (TDF) was established during March 1981, from the 141 Battalion of the South African Defence Force (SADF). It was the defence force of the Republic of Transkei , a nominally independent bantustan during the Apartheid era of South Africa .
The Transkeian honours system was instituted after the South African bantustan of Transkei was declared independent in 1976.. A range of orders, decorations, and medals were instituted including the Military Rule Medal,1987
On 30 November 1987, Major General Bantu Holomisa, the Chief of the Transkei Defence Force, led a bloodless coup d'état against the Transkei government of Prime Minister Stella Sigcau, suspended the civilian constitution and refused South Africa's repeated demands for a return to civilian rule on the grounds that a civilian government would be a puppet controlled by Pretoria.
The Transkei Defence Force (TDF) was established upon that country's independence on 26 October 1976. The Republic of Transkei ceased to exist on 27 April 1994 and the Transkei Defence Force was amalgamated with six other military forces into the South African National Defence Force (SANDF).
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Chief Kaiser Daliwonga Matanzima, often misspelled as Mathanzima (15 June 1915 – 15 June 2003), was the long-term leader of Transkei. [3] In 1950, when South Africa was offered to establish the Bantu Authorities Act, Matanzima convinced the Bhunga to accept the Act.
The Transkei National Independence Party (TNIP) was a political party in the nominally independent South African Xhosa bantustan of Transkei. It was founded by the Matanzima brothers, Kaiser and George. The party advocated cooperation with the South African government. As of 1985, the leader of the party was George Matanzima.