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Repeat orbit: An orbit where the ground track of the satellite repeats after a period of time. Gangale orbit: a solar orbit near Mars whose period is one Martian year, but whose eccentricity and inclination both differ from that of Mars such that a relay satellite in a Gangale orbit is visible from Earth even during solar conjunction. [28]
A high Earth orbit is a geocentric orbit with an apogee farther than that of the geosynchronous orbit, which is 35,786 km (22,236 mi) away from Earth. [1] In this article, the non-standard abbreviation of HEO is used for high Earth orbit.
Shortest time between two flights of the same orbital rocket stage: 13 days, 12 hours, 34 minutes USA 25 November 2024 Sun: Parker Solar Probe: Highest velocity of a spacecraft relative to the Sun: 191.7 km/s (690,000 km/h; 430,000 mph). Closest approach to the Sun: distance of 0.041 AU (6,000,000 kilometres; 3,800,000 mi).
A highly elliptical orbit (HEO) is an elliptic orbit with high eccentricity, usually referring to one around Earth. Examples of inclined HEO orbits include Molniya orbits , named after the Molniya Soviet communication satellites which used them, and Tundra orbits .
The Tundra orbit is an eccentric geosynchronous orbit, which allows the satellite to spend most of its time dwelling over one high latitude location. It sits at an inclination of 63.4°, which is a frozen orbit, which reduces the need for stationkeeping. [23] At least two satellites are needed to provide continuous coverage over an area. [24]
First commercial communications satellite in orbit. Was operated off and on until 1990. November 26 France: Asterix: Diamant A: Earth Success: First French satellite. First orbital launch outside U.S. and Soviet Union. November 29 Canada: Alouette 2: Thor-Agena: Earth Success: Research satellite designed to explore Earth's ionosphere December ...
A Molniya orbit (Russian: Молния, IPA: [ˈmolnʲɪjə] ⓘ, "Lightning") is a type of satellite orbit designed to provide communications and remote sensing coverage over high latitudes. It is a highly elliptical orbit with an inclination of 63.4 degrees , an argument of perigee of 270 degrees, and an orbital period of approximately half a ...
ViaSat-1 is a high throughput communications satellite owned by Viasat Inc. and Telesat Canada. [2] [3] Launched October 19, 2011 aboard a Proton rocket, it held the Guinness record for the world's highest capacity communications satellite with a total capacity in excess of 140 Gbit/s, more than all the satellites covering North America combined, at the time of its launch.