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[2] [3] It can be applied as a soaked dressing or a bath. [2] Side effects may include irritation of the skin and discoloration of clothing. [2] If it is taken by mouth, toxicity and death may occur. [4] Potassium permanganate is an oxidizing agent. [5] The British National Formulary recommends that each 100 mg be dissolved in a liter of water ...
Under acidic conditions, the alkene double bond is cleaved to give the appropriate carboxylic acid: [70] CH 3 (CH 2) 17 CH=CH 2 + 2 KMnO 4 + 3 H 2 SO 4 → CH 3 (CH 2) 17 COOH + CO 2 + 4 H 2 O + K 2 SO 4 + 2 MnSO 4. Potassium permanganate oxidizes aldehydes to carboxylic acids, illustrated by the conversion of n-heptanal to heptanoic acid: [71]
A permanganate can oxidize an amine to a nitro compound, [7] [8] an alcohol to a ketone, [9] an aldehyde to a carboxylic acid, [10] [11] a terminal alkene to a carboxylic acid, [12] oxalic acid to carbon dioxide, [13] and an alkene to a diol. [14] This list is not exhaustive. In alkene oxidations one intermediate is a cyclic Mn(V) species: [15]
Alcohol oxidation is a collection of oxidation reactions in organic chemistry that convert alcohols to aldehydes, ketones, carboxylic acids, and esters. The reaction mainly applies to primary and secondary alcohols. Secondary alcohols form ketones, while primary alcohols form aldehydes or carboxylic acids. [1] A variety of oxidants can be used.
The Koch reaction is an organic reaction for the synthesis of tertiary carboxylic acids from alcohols or alkenes and carbon monoxide. Some commonly industrially produced Koch acids include pivalic acid , 2,2-dimethylbutyric acid and 2,2-dimethylpentanoic acid. [ 1 ]
Formation of a secondary alcohol via alkene reduction and hydration is shown: The hydroboration-oxidation and oxymercuration-reduction of alkenes are more reliable in organic synthesis. Alkenes react with N-bromosuccinimide and water in halohydrin formation reaction. Amines can be converted to diazonium salts, which are then hydrolyzed.
A [3+2]-cycloaddition with the alkene (3) gives the cyclic intermediate 4. [ 9 ] [ 10 ] Basic hydrolysis liberates the diol ( 5 ) and the reduced osmate ( 6 ). Methanesulfonamide (CH 3 SO 2 NH 2 ) has been identified as a catalyst to accelerate this step of the catalytic cycle and if frequently used as an additive to allow non-terminal alkene ...
The McMurry reaction of benzophenone. The McMurry reaction is an organic reaction in which two ketone or aldehyde groups are coupled to form an alkene using a titanium chloride compound such as titanium(III) chloride and a reducing agent. The reaction is named after its co-discoverer, John E. McMurry.