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  2. Cognitive reframing - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cognitive_reframing

    One behavior that has been shown to facilitate cognitive reframing is humor, especially humor that is based on positivity, rather than mean-spirited. For example, in one study, [5] participants were exposed to a series of unpleasant pictures. To cope with these pictures, participants were invited to create a positive joke about the picture, a ...

  3. Belief revision - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Belief_revision

    Belief revision (also called belief change) is the process of changing beliefs to take into account a new piece of information. The logical formalization of belief revision is researched in philosophy , in databases , and in artificial intelligence for the design of rational agents .

  4. If A Scarcity Mindset Held You Back Last Year, Here's ... - AOL

    www.aol.com/lifestyle/scarcity-mindset-held-back...

    A scarcity mindset can stem from your upbringing, trauma, or even the way your parents were raised. ... Train your mind to reframe negative thoughts and recognize other possibilities. Rather than ...

  5. Beck's cognitive triad - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Beck's_cognitive_triad

    Beck's cognitive triad, also known as the negative triad, [1] [2] is a cognitive-therapeutic view of the three key elements of a person's belief system present in depression. It was proposed by Aaron Beck in 1967. [ 3 ]

  6. Framing (social sciences) - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Framing_(social_sciences)

    In the case of "equivalence frames", the information being presented is based on the same facts, but the "frame" in which it is presented changes, thus creating a reference-dependent perception. The effects of framing can be seen in journalism: the frame surrounding the issue can change the reader's perception without having to alter the actual ...

  7. Counterfactual thinking - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Counterfactual_thinking

    The increase in group identification impacts people's feelings. Abstract counterfactuals also lead to an increase in group efficacy, which translates to belief that the group has the ability to change outcomes of situations. This in turn motivates group members to make group-based actions to attain their goal in the future. [18] [20]

  8. Moral disengagement - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Moral_disengagement

    It is the belief that one's ingroup is more 'human' than the outgroup in terms of uniquely human attributes and secondary emotions. [42] Whereas primary emotions (surprise, anger, fear) are commonly seen as shared amongst the entire animal kingdom, secondary emotions (hope, remorse, regret) are viewed as purely human characteristics. [ 46 ]

  9. Confirmation bias - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Confirmation_bias

    These biases contribute to overconfidence in personal beliefs and can maintain or strengthen beliefs in the face of contrary evidence. For example, confirmation bias produces systematic errors in scientific research based on inductive reasoning (the gradual accumulation of supportive evidence). Similarly, a police detective may identify a ...