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  2. Enantiomer - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Enantiomer

    There are three common naming conventions for specifying one of the two enantiomers (the absolute configuration) of a given chiral molecule: the R/S system is based on the geometry of the molecule; the (+)- and (−)- system (also written using the obsolete equivalents d- and l-) is based on its optical rotation properties; and the D/L system is based on the molecule's relationship to ...

  3. Chirality - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chirality

    In physics, chirality may be found in the spin of a particle, where the handedness of the object is determined by the direction in which the particle spins. [4] Not to be confused with helicity , which is the projection of the spin along the linear momentum of a subatomic particle, chirality is an intrinsic quantum mechanical property, like spin.

  4. Chirality (chemistry) - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chirality_(chemistry)

    Two enantiomers of a generic amino acid that are chiral (S)-Alanine (left) and (R)-alanine (right) in zwitterionic form at neutral pH. In chemistry, a molecule or ion is called chiral (/ ˈ k aɪ r əl /) if it cannot be superposed on its mirror image by any combination of rotations, translations, and some conformational changes.

  5. Absolute configuration - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Absolute_configuration

    In chemistry, absolute configuration refers to the spatial arrangement of atoms within a molecular entity (or group) that is chiral, and its resultant stereochemical description. [1] Absolute configuration is typically relevant in organic molecules where carbon is bonded to four different substituents .

  6. Chiral drugs - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chiral_drugs

    Louis Pasteur - pioneering stereochemist. Chirality can be traced back to 1812, when physicist Jean-Baptiste Biot found out about a phenomenon called "optical activity." [10] Louis Pasteur, a famous student of Biot's, made a series of observations that led him to suggest that the optical activity of some substances is caused by their molecular asymmetry, which makes nonsuperimposable mirror ...

  7. Kinetic resolution - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kinetic_resolution

    In organic chemistry, kinetic resolution is a means of differentiating two enantiomers in a racemic mixture.In kinetic resolution, two enantiomers react with different reaction rates in a chemical reaction with a chiral catalyst or reagent, resulting in an enantioenriched sample of the less reactive enantiomer. [1]

  8. Enantiopure drug - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Enantiopure_drug

    There are examples of common drugs, like ibuprofen, where the use of chiral switching has caused controversy. Ibuprofen is a racemic mixture where the S-enantiomer is known to play a major role in reducing inflammation as it inhibits COX-2 (cooxygenase 2) compared to the R-enantiomer; the fact that the S-enantiomer is stronger is what led to ...

  9. Biophysical chemistry - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Biophysical_chemistry

    Biophysical chemistry is a physical science that uses the concepts of physics and physical chemistry for the study of biological systems. [1] The most common feature of the research in this subject is to seek an explanation of the various phenomena in biological systems in terms of either the molecules that make up the system or the supra-molecular structure of these systems. [2]