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Furosemide, sold under the brand name Lasix among others, is a loop diuretic medication used to treat edema due to heart failure, liver scarring, or kidney disease. [4] Furosemide may also be used for the treatment of high blood pressure. [4] It can be taken intravenously or orally. [4]
Loop diuretics are pharmacological agents that primarily inhibit the Na-K-Cl cotransporter located on the luminal membrane of cells along the thick ascending limb of the loop of Henle. [4] They are often used for the treatment of hypertension and edema secondary to congestive heart failure , liver cirrhosis , or chronic kidney disease .
Electrolyte imbalance, or water-electrolyte imbalance, is an abnormality in the concentration of electrolytes in the body. Electrolytes play a vital role in maintaining homeostasis in the body. They help to regulate heart and neurological function, fluid balance , oxygen delivery , acid–base balance and much more.
This lowers blood pressure and prevents excess fluid accumulation in heart failure. Metolazone is sometimes used together with loop diuretics such as furosemide or bumetanide, but these highly effective combinations can lead to dehydration and electrolyte abnormalities. It was patented in 1966 and approved for medical use in 1974. [1]
To treat the symptoms related to the electrolyte abnormalities, supplementation is often needed. Dietary modification of a high salt diet incorporated with [16] potassium and magnesium supplementation to normalize blood levels is the mainstay of treatment. [2]
Etacrynic acid or ethacrynic acid , trade name Edecrin, is a loop diuretic used to treat high blood pressure and the swelling caused by diseases like congestive heart failure, liver failure, and kidney failure. A con with ethacrynic acid compared to the other loop diuretic drugs such as furosemide is that it has a significantly steep dose ...
Indapamide has been shown to reduce stroke rates in people with high blood pressure. [ 7 ] [ 11 ] [ 12 ] Studies have shown that the blood pressure lowering effects of indapamide in combination with perindopril reduce the rate of stroke in high risk patients (those with a history of high blood pressure, stroke or type two diabetes).
Thiazide diuretics (e.g. hydrochlorothiazide, chlorthalidone, chlorthiazide) – may be useful for mild CHF, but typically used in severe CHF in combination with loop diuretics, resulting in a synergistic effect. Potassium-sparing diuretics (e.g. amiloride) – used first-line use to correct hypokalaemia.