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  2. Error bar - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Error_bar

    This statistics -related article is a stub. You can help Wikipedia by expanding it.

  3. Standard error - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Standard_error

    This page was last edited on 13 October 2024, at 13:49 (UTC).; Text is available under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 License; additional terms may apply.

  4. Propagation of uncertainty - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Propagation_of_uncertainty

    Any non-linear differentiable function, (,), of two variables, and , can be expanded as + +. If we take the variance on both sides and use the formula [11] for the variance of a linear combination of variables ⁡ (+) = ⁡ + ⁡ + ⁡ (,), then we obtain | | + | | +, where is the standard deviation of the function , is the standard deviation of , is the standard deviation of and = is the ...

  5. Forest plot - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Forest_plot

    The same applies for the meta-analysed measure of effect: if the points of the diamond overlap the line of no effect the overall meta-analysed result cannot be said to differ from no effect at the given level of confidence. Forest plots date back to at least the 1970s. One plot is shown in a 1985 book about meta-analysis.

  6. Hellings-Downs curve - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hellings-Downs_curve

    When the data fit exceeds the standard 5 sigma threshold, the pulsar timing array can declare detection of gravitational waves. [2] [3] [4] More precisely, the Hellings-Downs curve is the expected correlations of the timing residuals from pairs of pulsars as a function of their angular separation on the sky as seen from Earth.

  7. Clustered standard errors - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Clustered_standard_errors

    Huber-White standard errors assume is diagonal but that the diagonal value varies, while other types of standard errors (e.g. Newey–West, Moulton SEs, Conley spatial SEs) make other restrictions on the form of this matrix to reduce the number of parameters that the practitioner needs to estimate.

  8. Sensitivity index - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sensitivity_index

    For two univariate distributions and with the same standard deviation, it is denoted by ′ ('dee-prime'): ′ = | |. In higher dimensions, i.e. with two multivariate distributions with the same variance-covariance matrix , (whose symmetric square-root, the standard deviation matrix, is ), this generalizes to the Mahalanobis distance between the two distributions:

  9. Errors and residuals - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Errors_and_residuals

    For example, if the mean height in a population of 21-year-old men is 1.75 meters, and one randomly chosen man is 1.80 meters tall, then the "error" is 0.05 meters; if the randomly chosen man is 1.70 meters tall, then the "error" is −0.05 meters.