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In genetics, dominance is the phenomenon of one variant of a gene on a chromosome masking or overriding the effect of a different variant of the same gene on the other copy of the chromosome. [1] [2] The first variant is termed dominant and the second is called recessive.
Dominant Inheritance. When a trait is dominant, only one allele is required for the trait to be observed. A dominant allele will mask a recessive allele, if present. A dominant allele is denoted by a capital letter (A versus a). Since each parent provides one allele, the possible combinations are: AA, Aa, and aa.
Autosomal dominant or dominance is a pattern of genetic inheritance that occurs within an autosome (non-sex chromosome). The way we look and function is most commonly the result of dominance of one parental gene over the other.
Dominantly inherited genetic diseases tend to occur in every generation of a family. Each affected person usually has one affected parent. However, dominant mutations can also happen in an individual for the first time, with no family history of the condition (spontaneous mutation).
The terms dominant and recessive describe the inheritance patterns of certain traits. That is, they describe how likely it is for a certain phenotype to pass from parent offspring. Sexually reproducing species, including people and other animals, have two copies of each gene.
Dominant inheritance means that a mutation in a gene can cause symptoms in a person even if the second copy of that gene is normal. Our genes can be passed down, or inherited, from our mom and dad in several different ways. One way is called dominant inheritance.
The most expeditious way to determine the autosomal dominant inheritance pattern of a disorder within a family is by analyzing the family pedigree. Since autosomal dominant disorders involve autosomes or the non-sex chromosomes, the disorders affect males and females equally.