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The duct diameter is greatest at the head and neck region and is slightly narrower towards the body and tail. Its normal reported value ranges between 1-3.5 mm in <50 year old and 2-5 mm in 70-79 year old individuals with mean reported values (rounded to the nearest 0.5 mm) being 5,8,11: head. 3.5 mm (<50 years)
The pancreatic duct diameter typically measures up to 3 mm at the head, 2 mm in the body, and 1 mm in the tail 14. Accessory pancreatic duct (of Santorini)
The main pancreatic duct typically joins the common bile duct at a 60-degree angle at the hepatopancreatic ampulla, before draining into the ampulla of Vater through the Sphincter of Oddi. The pancreatic duct diameter typically measures up to 3 mm at the head, 2 mm in the body, and 1 mm in the tail 14. Accessory pancreatic duct (of Santorini)
Research studies involving the cell types in the exocrine pancreas have been relatively more difficult than those directed at endocrine cells given the difficulty in isolating adequate numbers of high-quality acinar or duct cells that are appropriate for performing in vitro and ex vivo experiments.
The upper range of normal pancreatic duct width was 8.0 mm, 4.0 mm and 2.4 mm in the head, body and tail, respectively. Abnormal ductograms were wider than the normal ranges in the head, body and tail of the pancreas in 14%, 49% and 59% (p < 0.001) of the patients, respectively.
Pancreatic Duct . The pancreatic duct arises from the pancreatic tail and receives 20 to 35 short tributaries entering at right angles to its long axis as it courses toward the head. The duct lies midway between the superior and inferior margins of the pancreas and slightly more dorsally than ventrally.
If the common bile duct diameter is normal (ie, < 7 mm on ultrasonography or < 10 mm on CT) but there are clinical or biochemical signs of obstruction, further evaluation is warranted. If there are signs of ascending cholangitis, an ERCP is indicated.
Normal pancreatic duct anatomy occurs in approximately 94.3% of cases, and multiple variations have been described for the remaining 5.7%. The purpose of this study was to review the literature on the pancreatic duct anatomy and to underline its importance in daily invasive endoscopic and surgical practice.
The normal pancreatic duct appears as a thin, tubular region of low attenuation coursing in the center of the pancreas on CT scans. The duct can be seen at least partially in 70% of normal patients; usually, short segments are visualized on a limited number of scans.
The pancreatic duct in acute pancreatitis patients was of normal diameter. The number of MPD segments visualized and visible pancreatic duct disruption on MRI may be supplementary indicators for determining the severity of acute pancreatitis.