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t. e. Somali (Somali: Soomaaliya; aṣ-Ṣūmāl), officially the Federal Republic of Somalia (Somali: Jamhuuriyadda Federaalka Soomaaliya, Jumhūriyyat aṣ-Ṣūmāl al-Fideraaliya) and formerly known as the Somali Democratic Republic, is a country located in the Horn of Africa. The country was an important centre for commerce with the rest ...
Somalia has an estimated population of 18.1 million, [ 15 ][ 16 ][ 17 ] of which over 2 million live in the capital and largest city, Mogadishu. Around 85% of its residents are ethnic Somalis and the official languages of the country are Somali and Arabic, though the former is the primary language.
Somalis have a rich musical heritage centered on traditional Somali folklore. Most Somali songs are pentatonic; that is, they only use five pitches per octave in contrast to a heptatonic (seven note) scale such as the major scale. Somali art is the artistic culture of the Somali people, both historic and contemporary.
As part of the official "Roadmap for the End of Transition", a political process which provided clear benchmarks leading toward the establishment of permanent democratic institutions in Somalia by late August 2012, [10] Somali government officials met in the northeastern town of Garowe in February 2012 to discuss post-transition arrangements.
A comprehensive genealogy of Somali clans can be found in Abbink (2009), providing detailed family trees and historical background information. [ 153 ] The tombs of the founders of Darod, Dir and Isaaq as well as the Abgaal subclan of Hawiye are all located in northern Somalia.
History of Somalia. Between the fall of Siad Barre 's government in January 1991 and the establishment of the Transitional National Government in 2006 (succeeded by the Transitional Federal Government), there was no central government in Somalia. [1] Large areas of the country such as Puntland and Galmudug were internationally unrecognized and ...
The Federal Government of Somalia (FGS; Somali: Dowladda Federaalka Soomaaliya, DFS; Arabic: الحكومة الفيدرالية الصومالية) is the internationally recognised government of Somalia, and the first attempt to create a central government in Somalia since the collapse of the Somali Democratic Republic. It replaced the ...
The Somali Civil War (2009–present) is the ongoing phase of the Somali Civil War which is concentrated in southern and central Somalia. [8] It began in late January 2009 with the present conflict mainly between the forces of the Federal Government of Somalia assisted by African Union peacekeeping troops and al-Shabaab militants who pledged alliegence to al-Qaeda during 2012.