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The replication fork is a structure that forms within the long helical DNA during DNA replication. It is produced by enzymes called helicases that break the hydrogen bonds that hold the DNA strands together in a helix. The resulting structure has two branching "prongs", each one made up of a single strand of DNA.
Eukaryotic DNA replication is a conserved mechanism that restricts DNA replication to once per cell cycle. Eukaryotic DNA replication of chromosomal DNA is central for the duplication of a cell and is necessary for the maintenance of the eukaryotic genome. DNA replication is the action of DNA polymerases synthesizing a DNA strand complementary ...
DNA replication. The two base-pair complementary chains of the DNA molecule allow replication of the genetic instructions. The "specific pairing" is a key feature of the Watson and Crick model of DNA, the pairing of nucleotide subunits. [5] In DNA, the amount of guanine is equal to cytosine and the amount of adenine is equal to thymine. The A:T ...
Chargaff's rules (given by Erwin Chargaff) state that in the DNA of any species and any organism, the amount of guanine should be equal to the amount of cytosine and the amount of adenine should be equal to the amount of thymine. Further, a 1:1 stoichiometric ratio of purine and pyrimidine bases (i.e., A+G=T+C) should exist.
Rolling circle replication (RCR) is a process of unidirectional nucleic acid replication that can rapidly synthesize multiple copies of circular molecules of DNA or RNA, such as plasmids, the genomes of bacteriophages, and the circular RNA genome of viroids. Some eukaryotic viruses also replicate their DNA or RNA via the rolling circle ...
Replicon (genetics) A replicon is a region of an organism's genome that is independently replicated from a single origin of replication [citation needed]. A bacterial chromosome contains a single origin, and therefore the whole bacterial chromosome is a replicon. The chromosomes of archaea and eukaryotes can have multiple origins of replication ...
The temporal order of replication of all the segments in the genome, called its replication-timing program, can now be easily measured in two different ways. [1] One way simply measures the amount of the different DNA sequences along the length of the chromosome per cell. Sequences that duplicate first, long before cell division, will be more ...
Prokaryotic DNA replication. Prokaryotic DNA Replication is the process by which a prokaryote duplicates its DNA into another copy that is passed on to daughter cells. [1] Although it is often studied in the model organism E. coli, other bacteria show many similarities. [2] Replication is bi-directional and originates at a single origin of ...
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