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e. UTF-8 is a character encoding standard used for electronic communication. Defined by the Unicode Standard, the name is derived from Unicode Transformation Format – 8-bit. [1] UTF-8 is capable of encoding all 1,112,064 [2] valid Unicode code points using a variable-width encoding of one to four one- byte (8-bit) code units.
The byte-order mark (BOM) is a particular usage of the special Unicode character code, U+FEFF ZERO WIDTH NO-BREAK SPACE, whose appearance as a magic number at the start of a text stream can signal several things to a program reading the text: [1] the byte order, or endianness, of the text stream in the cases of 16- bit and 32-bit encodings;
ANSI escape code. Output of the system-monitor htop, an ncurses-application (which uses SGR and other ANSI/ISO control sequences). ANSI escape sequences are a standard for in-band signaling to control cursor location, color, font styling, and other options on video text terminals and terminal emulators. Certain sequences of bytes, most starting ...
printf. printf is a C standard library function that formats text and writes it to standard output. The name, printf is short for print formatted where print refers to output to a printer although the functions are not limited to printer output. The standard library provides many other similar functions that form a family of printf-like functions.
In 1973, ECMA-35 and ISO 2022 [17] attempted to define a method so an 8-bit "extended ASCII" code could be converted to a corresponding 7-bit code, and vice versa. [18] In a 7-bit environment, the Shift Out would change the meaning of the 96 bytes 0x20 through 0x7F [a] [20] (i.e. all but the C0 control codes), to be the characters that an 8-bit environment would print if it used the same code ...
In the C++ programming language, input/output library refers to a family of class templates and supporting functions in the C++ Standard Library that implement stream-based input/output capabilities. [1][2] It is an object-oriented alternative to C's FILE -based streams from the C standard library. [3][4]
A binary-to-text encoding is encoding of data in plain text. More precisely, it is an encoding of binary data in a sequence of printable characters. These encodings are necessary for transmission of data when the communication channel does not allow binary data (such as email or NNTP) or is not 8-bit clean. PGP documentation (RFC 4880) uses the ...
scanf, short for scan formatted, is a C standard library function that reads and parses text from standard input. The function accepts a format string parameter that specifies the layout of input text. The function parses input text and loads values into variables based on data type. Similar functions, with other names, predate C, such as readf ...