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Office politics do not necessarily stem from purely selfish gains. They can be a route towards corporate benefits, which give a leg up to the company as a whole, not just an individual. "A 'manipulator' will often achieve career or personal goals by co-opting as many colleagues as possible into their plans."
This behavior is only considered social undermining if the person's perceived action is intended to hinder their target. When social undermining is seen in the work environment the behavior is used to hinder the co-worker's ability to establish and maintain a positive interpersonal relationship, success and a good reputation. [2]
A summary of research conducted in Europe suggests that workplace incivility is common there. [2] In research on more than 1000 U.S. civil service workers, Cortina, Magley, Williams, and Langhout (2001) found that more than 70% of the sample experienced workplace incivility in the past five years. [2]
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Example: Questioning someone's position or place in a group setting can create face-threatening situations. Differences in individualistic vs. collectivistic and small vs. large power distance cultures profoundly shape face management. Example: The way we communicate with others depends on how we communicate with leaders and the groups we fit ...
They must have been tempted to do so. My first wife, my second wife, my daughters (especially my oldest, who had to live through so much of this), my brothers, my colleagues at my university: They all continued to believe in me and support me. I was a petulant, deceitful, unreliable, manipulative, outrageously selfish and self-absorbed person.
This approach to persuasive communications was first studied by Carl Hovland and his colleagues at Yale University during World War II. [1] The basic model of this approach can be described as "who said what to whom": the source of the communication, the nature of the communication and the nature of the audience. [ 1 ]
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