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The spatial nature of water poverty, such as the distance to the nearest water source or the water supply infrastructure, can also be incorporated easily in a GIS database. The allocation of resources can be improved, since geographic targeting is more efficient and cost-effective than to launch an equally expensive universal distribution ...
A zero-carbon city is a goal of city planners [1] that describes a significant reduction in carbon use by a city. The term describes a range of carbon reduction, ranging from a city that generates as much or more carbon-free sustainable energy as it uses, [2] to a city that manages greenhouse gas emissions and reduces its carbon footprint to a minimum (ideally 0 or negative) by using renewable ...
Water Sensitive Urban Design with Green Infrastructure in the bottom right corner.. Water-sensitive urban design (WSUD) is a land planning and engineering design approach which integrates the urban water cycle, including stormwater, groundwater, and wastewater management and water supply, into urban design to minimise environmental degradation and improve aesthetic and recreational appeal. [1]
Global net-zero emissions describe the state where emissions of greenhouse gases due to human activities and removals of these gases are in balance over a given period. It is often called simply net zero. [2] In some cases, emissions refers to emissions of all greenhouse gases, and in others it refers only to emissions of carbon dioxide (CO 2). [2]
According to the United Nations, the overall goal is to: "Ensure availability and sustainable management of water and sanitation for all." [1] The goal has eight targets to be achieved by 2030 covering the main areas of water supply and sanitation and sustainable water resource management. Progress toward the targets will be measured by using ...
The sustainable water supply system is an integrated system including water intake, water utilization, wastewater discharge and treatment and water environmental protection. It requires reducing freshwater and groundwater usage in all sectors of consumption.
The United Nations and World Health Organization host the WHO/UNICEF Joint Monitoring Programme (JMP) for Water Supply, Sanitation and Hygiene Program that uses One Water principles to monitor progress on local to global scales for attaining Sustainable Development Goal targets for “universal and equitable access to safe drinking water, sanitation, and hygiene.” [10]
Water is primarily used in forestry and fishery, agricultural production (in its entire agri-food supply chain) and is used to create and/or transfer energy in varying forms. [ 6 ] In fact, agriculture is the largest user of freshwater, making it responsible for 70% of total global withdrawal, while more than one fourth of energy used worldwide ...