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A relationship exists between the anatomy of the stem node and the presence or absence of stipules: most plants with trilacunar nodes have stipules; species with unilacunar nodes lack stipules. [3] Stipules are morphologically variable and might appear as glands, scales, hairs, spines, or laminar (leaf-like) structures.
Leaves of most plants include a flat structure called the blade or lamina supported by a network of veins, a petiole and a leaf base; [1] but not all leaves are flat, some are cylindrical. [ citation needed ] Leaves may be simple, with a single leaf blade, or compound, with several leaflets .
A multicellular, glandular hair that usually produces a mucilaginous substance and is located on sepal s, stipules, or petioles, or on nearby parts of stem s; commonly found on plants in the order Gentianales. columella In flowering plants, the central axis of the cone or fruit, e.g. in Callitris. column 1.
Non-vascular plants , with their different evolutionary background, tend to have separate terminology. Although plant morphology (the external form) is integrated with plant anatomy (the internal form), the former became the basis of the taxonomic description of plants that exists today, due to the few tools required to observe. [2] [3]
A leaf (pl.: leaves) is a principal appendage of the stem of a vascular plant, [1] usually borne laterally above ground and specialized for photosynthesis.Leaves are collectively called foliage, as in "autumn foliage", [2] [3] while the leaves, stem, flower, and fruit collectively form the shoot system. [4]
In flowering plants, the term is often used in reference to a stalk that sometimes supports a flower's ovary. In orchids , the stipe or caudicle is the stalk-like support of the pollinia . It is a non-viscid band or strap connecting the pollinia with the viscidium (the viscid part of the rostellum or beak).
Prickles on a blackberry branch. In plant morphology, thorns, spines, and prickles, and in general spinose structures (sometimes called spinose teeth or spinose apical processes), are hard, rigid extensions or modifications of leaves, roots, stems, or buds with sharp, stiff ends, and generally serve the same function: physically defending plants against herbivory.
Plant anatomy or phytotomy is the general term for the study of the internal structure of plants. Originally, it included plant morphology , the description of the physical form and external structure of plants, but since the mid-20th century, plant anatomy has been considered a separate field referring only to internal plant structure.