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The Winsock 2 SPI is implemented by network transport service providers and namespace resolution service providers. The Winsock 2 SPI can be used to extend an existing transport service provider by implementing a Layered Service Provider. For example, quality of service (QoS) on Windows 98 and Windows 2000 is implemented as an LSP over the TCP ...
The first is "dynamic DNS updating" which refers to systems that are used to update traditional DNS records without manual editing. [1] These mechanisms use TSIG to provide security. The second kind of dynamic DNS permits lightweight and immediate updates often using an update client, which do not use the RFC 2136 standard for updating DNS records.
In Windows Vista (and Windows Server 2008) Microsoft moved the registration functionality from the DHCP Client service to the DNS Client service. Servers running Microsoft Windows also attempt to register other information, in addition to their names and IP addresses, such as the locations of the LDAP and Kerberos services that they provide.
The response to a successful TSIG update will also be signed with a TSIG record. Failures are not signed to prevent an attacker from learning anything about the TSIG key using specially crafted update "probes". The nsupdate program can use TSIG to do DNS updates. The TSIG record is in the same format as the other records in the update request.
Windows 8 includes the "RIO" (Registered IO) extensions for Winsock. [2] These extensions are designed to reduce the overhead of the user to kernel mode transition for the network data path and the notification path, but use the rest of the regular Windows TCP and UDP stack (and uses existing network cards).
In Windows Server 2012, the Windows DNS added support for DNSSEC, [15] with full-fledged online signing, with Dynamic DNS and NSEC3 support, along with RSASHA and ECDSA signing algorithms. It provides an inbuilt key storage provider and support for any third party CNG compliant key storage provider.
Starting from Windows Vista, one can also edit wireless settings (for example, SSID) using netsh. netsh can also be used to read information from the IPv6 stack. The command netsh winsock reset can be used to reset TCP/IP problems when communicating with a networked device.
For example, assuming the IPv4 address 208.80.152.2 is assigned to Wikimedia, it is represented as a DNS name in reverse order: 2.152.80.208.in-addr.arpa. When the DNS resolver gets a pointer (PTR) request, it begins by querying the root servers, which point to the servers of American Registry for Internet Numbers (ARIN) for the 208.in-addr ...