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Ethereum Classic is a blockchain-based distributed computing platform that offers smart contract (scripting) functionality. [1] It is open source and supports a modified version of Nakamoto consensus via transaction-based state transitions executed on a public Ethereum Virtual Machine (EVM).
Ethereum enthusiasts gather for a Merge party in San Francisco in 2022. Ethereum 2.0 (Eth2) was a set of three or more upgrades, also known as "phases", meant to transition the network's consensus mechanism to proof-of-stake, and to scale the network's transaction throughput with execution sharding and an improved EVM architecture.
Ethereum: ETH, Ξ Vitalik Buterin [50] Ethash [51] C++, Go [52] PoW, PoS: Supports Turing-complete smart contracts. 2015 Ethereum Classic: ETC EtcHash/Thanos [53] PoW: An alternative version of Ethereum [54] whose blockchain does not include the DAO hard fork. [55] Supports Turing-complete smart contracts. 2015 Nano: XNO, ΣΎ Colin LeMahieu ...
The original Ethereum white paper by Vitalik Buterin in 2014 [8] describes the Bitcoin protocol as a weak version of the smart contract concept as originally defined by Nick Szabo, and proposed a stronger version based on the Solidity language, which is Turing complete.
He returned to Toronto later that year and published a white paper proposing Ethereum. [13] [14] He dropped out of university in 2014 when he was awarded with a grant of US$100,000 (equivalent to $128,704 in 2023) [15] from the Thiel Fellowship, a scholarship created by venture capitalist Peter Thiel and went to work on Ethereum full-time. [16]
Whereas permanent forks (in the sense of protocol changes) have been used to add new features to a blockchain, they can also be used to reverse the effects of hacking such as the case with Ethereum and Ethereum Classic, or avert catastrophic bugs on a blockchain as was the case with the bitcoin fork on 6 August 2010.
The DAO was a digital decentralized autonomous organization [5] and a form of investor-directed venture capital fund. [6] After launching in April 2016 via a token sale, it became one of the largest crowdfunding campaigns in history, [6] but it ceased activity after much of its funds - in the form of US$ exchanged for "Ether-crypto coins" - were taken in a hack in June 2016.
Will Warren and Amir Bandeali began the development of the project in 2016, and on February 22, 2017, they released a white paper with the following abstract: [3] We describe a protocol that facilitates low friction peer-to-peer exchange of ERC20 tokens on the Ethereum blockchain. The protocol is intended to serve as an open standard and common ...