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The Bethesda system (TBS), officially called The Bethesda System for Reporting Cervical Cytology, is a system for reporting cervical or vaginal cytologic diagnoses, [1] used for reporting Pap smear results. It was introduced in 1988 [2] and revised in 1991, [3] 2001, [1] [4] [5] and 2014. [6]
3D medical illustration depicting the TNM stages in breast cancer. Cancer staging can be divided into a clinical stage and a pathologic stage. In the TNM (Tumor, Node, Metastasis) system, clinical stage and pathologic stage are denoted by a small "c" or "p" before the stage (e.g., cT3N1M0 or pT2N0).
In recognition of his contribution, the depth of invasion of melanoma is referred to by the eponym Breslow's depth. Subsequent studies confirmed and refined the role of depth of invasion in the prognosis of malignant melanoma. [2] [3] Currently, Breslow's depth is included in the AJCC staging guidelines for melanoma as a major prognostic factor.
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In the United States there has been an increase in the 5-year relative survival rate between people diagnosed with cancer in 1975-1977 (48.9%) and people diagnosed with cancer in 2007-2013 (69.2%); these figures coincide with a 20% decrease in cancer mortality from 1950 to 2014. [8]
A meningeal melanocytoma is a rare, pigmented tumor found on the leptomeninges of the brain, [6] [7] typically in the area of the base of the brain and brainstem, [2] or the spine. [4] [11] Symptoms may be absent or related to the tumor's growth and location. Similar to optic melanocytomas, the main concerns include growth, recurrence, and ...
In comparison, the mortality rate of melanoma is 15–20% and it causes 6500 deaths per year. [67]: 29, 31 Even though it is much less common, malignant melanoma is responsible for 75% of all skin cancer-related deaths. [68] The survival rate for people with melanoma depends upon when they start treatment.
WASHINGTON (Reuters) -A massive winter storm moving across the United States will not keep the U.S. Congress from meeting on Monday to formally certify Republican Donald Trump's election as ...