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The criteria for reporting vary significantly based on jurisdiction. [11] Typically, mandatory reporting applies to people who have reason to suspect the abuse or neglect of a child, but it can also apply to people who suspect abuse or neglect of a dependent adult or the elderly, [12] or to any members of society (sometimes called Universal Mandatory Reporting [UMR]).
Nationwide, there was a 2348% increase in hotline calls from 150,000 in 1963 to 3.3 million in 2009. [7] In 2011, there were 3.4 million calls. [8] From 1992 to 2009 in the US, substantiated cases of sexual abuse declined 62%, physical abuse decreased 56% and neglect 10%.
The shield law is currently codified in Article I, section 2(b) of the California Constitution and section 1070 of the Evidence Code. [1] Section 1986.1 of the California Code of Civil Procedure (CCP) supplements these principal shield law provisions by providing additional safeguards to a reporter whose records are being subpoenaed. [2]
The petitioners are seeking "an order from the California Supreme Court mandating that, when a litigant cannot afford a private court reporter, they are entitled to have the proceeding recorded at ...
Map of the U.S., showing areas covered by the Thomson West National Reporter System state law reports. These regional reporters are supplemented by reporters for a single state like the New York Supplement (N.Y.S. 1888–1938; 2d 1938–) and the California Reporter (Cal. Rptr. 1959–1991; 2d 1991–2003; 3d 2003–) which include decisions of intermediate state appellate courts. [3]
The Venezia court unanimously held that, while New Jersey has arguably the most protective shield law in the United States, a reporter waives the privilege when he talks about his sources and information outside of the newsgathering process, as did the reporter in Venezia. The Venezia court stated: "The privilege holder is not permitted to step ...
In addition to the official reporters, published California cases are also printed in two Thomson West unofficial reporters: the regional Pacific Reporter and the state-specific California Reporter (both now in their third series). All Supreme Court decisions are published, but less than 10% of Court of Appeal decisions are published.
As mandated by the California Constitution, there is a superior court in each of the 58 counties in California. [1] The superior courts also have appellate divisions (superior court judges sitting as appellate judges) which hear appeals from decisions in cases previously heard by inferior courts.