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2. Parse tree - Wikipedia

   en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Parse_tree

   A simple parse tree. A parse tree is made up of nodes and branches. [4] In the picture the parse tree is the entire structure, starting from S and ending in each of the leaf nodes (John, ball, the, hit). In a parse tree, each node is either a root node, a branch node, or a leaf node. In the above example, S is a root node, NP and VP are branch ...

3. Probabilistic context-free grammar - Wikipedia

   en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Probabilistic_context-free...

   Derivation: The process of recursive generation of strings from a grammar. Parsing: Finding a valid derivation using an automaton. Parse Tree: The alignment of the grammar to a sequence. An example of a parser for PCFG grammars is the pushdown automaton. The algorithm parses grammar nonterminals from left to right in a stack-like manner.

4. Treebank - Wikipedia

   en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Treebank

   This type of representation is popular because it is light on resources, and the tree structure is relatively easy to read without software tools. However, as corpora become increasingly complex, other file formats may be preferred. Alternatives include treebank-specific XML schemes, numbered indentation and various types of standoff notation.

5. CYK algorithm - Wikipedia

   en.wikipedia.org/wiki/CYK_algorithm

   It is simple to extend it into a parser that also constructs a parse tree, by storing parse tree nodes as elements of the array, instead of the boolean 1. The node is linked to the array elements that were used to produce it, so as to build the tree structure. Only one such node in each array element is needed if only one parse tree is to be ...

6. Sentence diagram - Wikipedia

   en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sentence_diagram

   Dependency, in contrast, is a one-to-one relation; every word in the sentence corresponds to exactly one node in the tree diagram. Both parse trees employ the convention where the category acronyms (e.g. N, NP, V, VP) are used as the labels on the nodes in the tree.

7. Generalized phrase structure grammar - Wikipedia

   en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Generalized_Phrase...

   Generalized phrase structure grammar (GPSG) is a framework for describing the syntax and semantics of natural languages. It is a type of constraint-based phrase structure grammar . Constraint based grammars are based around defining certain syntactic processes as ungrammatical for a given language and assuming everything not thus dismissed is ...

8. Definite clause grammar - Wikipedia

   en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Definite_clause_grammar

   A definite clause grammar (DCG) is a way of expressing grammar, either for natural or formal languages, in a logic programming language such as Prolog. It is closely related to the concept of attribute grammars / affix grammars. DCGs are usually associated with Prolog, but similar languages such as Mercury also include DCGs.

9. Ambiguous grammar - Wikipedia

   en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ambiguous_grammar

   In computer science, an ambiguous grammar is a context-free grammar for which there exists a string that can have more than one leftmost derivation or parse tree. [ 1 ] [ 2 ] Every non-empty context-free language admits an ambiguous grammar by introducing e.g. a duplicate rule.