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A tow hitch (or tow bar or trailer hitch in North America [1]) is a device attached to the chassis of a vehicle for towing, or a towbar to an aircraft nose gear. It can take the form of a tow ball to allow swiveling and articulation of a trailer , or a tow pin, or a tow hook with a trailer loop, often used for large or agricultural vehicles ...
The automatic semi-trailer coupling patented by Fruehauf dominated the semi-trailer market until the Fruehauf Trailer Corporation's assets were sold in bankruptcy to Wabash National in 1997. Another fifth wheel patent U.S. 2,053,812 [ 9 ] was issued to Charles E. Bradshaw of Wellville, Virginia , filed March 18, 1936 and granted September 8, 1936.
The couplers automatically lock when cars are pushed together, but workers must go between cars to hook up the air lines for the pneumatic brakes and connect cables for head-end power and other communications. To separate cars, a worker must use a lever to move the locking pin that keeps the coupler closed.
7-pin ISO 1724 trailer connector type 12N (Towing vehicle side). This connector uses a mix of pin and socket terminals. Physical design according to standard ISO 1724. [4] [8] The 7-pin connector uses all 7 pins on newer trailers according to the ISO standard. [9] [10] On older trailers there's sometimes a 5-wire setup using a 7-pin connector.
The connector plate slid into a female receptacle on the rear of the trailer in front and was secured with a steel pin. At the head of a Road Railer train there was an adaptor truck equipped with one fifth wheel and one regular AAR Type "E" or Type "F" automatic coupler. Each semi-trailer had one king pin at each end.
Major Eli Janney, a Confederate veteran of the American Civil War, invented the semi-automatic knuckle coupler in 1868. It automatically locks the couplers on cars or locomotives together without a rail worker having to get between the cars, and replaced the link and pin coupler, which was a major cause of railroad worker injuries and deaths ...
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