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The Ustaše (pronounced), also known by anglicised versions Ustasha or Ustashe, [n 3] was a Croatian fascist and ultranationalist organization [21] active, as one organization, between 1929 and 1945, formally known as the Ustaša – Croatian Revolutionary Movement (Croatian: Ustaša – Hrvatski revolucionarni pokret).
Jasenovac i Gradiška Stara" (transl. Jasenovac and Stara Gradiška) is a Croatian song promoting the Ustaše massacres in World War II. [1] [2] The lyrics celebrate the World War II holocaust and genocide of Serbs in Herzegovina. [3]
The concentration camp, one of the ten largest in Europe, was established and operated by the governing Ustaše regime, Europe's only Nazi collaborationist regime that operated its own extermination camps, for Serbs, Romani, Jews, and political dissidents. [7] It quickly grew into the third largest concentration camp in Europe. [8]
The Ustaše Militia (Croatian: Ustaška vojnica) was the military branch of the Ustaše, established by the fascist and genocidal regime of Ante Pavelić in the Independent State of Croatia (NDH), an Axis puppet state established from a large part of occupied Yugoslavia during World War II.
The new regime drew upon the concept of an uninterrupted Croatian state since the arrival of the Croats in their contemporary homeland, and reflected extreme Croat nationalism mixed with Nazism and Italian Fascism, Catholic clerical authoritarianism and the peasantism of the Croatian Peasant Party.
Luburić broke off and formed his own group, Otpor-HNO in 1955. This split was due to the fact that Pavelić was willing to give up some historically Croatian land in exchange to reestablish an independent Croatia. [15] The working relationship between the two men was a long-standing one, beginning in the 1930s with the Ustashe movement. [7]
At the time, Croatia was often accused of ignoring the crimes committed by the World War II-era fascist Ustaša regime, and of tolerating the symbols and the activities of individuals sympathetic to that regime. This has led to criticism of Croatia, particularly among Serbs. This was exacerbated with war-time propaganda for the Yugoslav wars. [14]
Petar "Pero" Brzica (born ca. 1917) [1] [2] [3] was a Croatian Franciscan of the "Order of Friars Minor" who became a mass murderer during the Ustaše regime. He committed his atrocities at the Jasenovac concentration camp during World War II. He personally murdered up to 1,360 inmates at the camp.