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Benzo[a]pyrene (BaP or B[a]P) is a polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon and the result of incomplete combustion of organic matter at temperatures between 300 °C (572 °F) and 600 °C (1,112 °F). The ubiquitous compound can be found in coal tar, tobacco smoke and many foods, especially grilled meats.
Chemical structure of benzo[a]pyrene Chemical structure of benzo[e]pyrene. A benzopyrene is an organic compound with the formula C 20 H 12.Structurally speaking, the colorless isomers of benzopyrene are pentacyclic hydrocarbons and are fusion products of pyrene and a phenylene group.
Pyrene is a polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon (PAH) consisting of four fused benzene rings, resulting in a flat aromatic system. The chemical formula is C 16 H 10 . This yellow-green solid is the smallest peri-fused PAH (one where the rings are fused through more than one face).
This enzyme induction can be initiated by many natural or synthetic compounds, e.g., carcinogenic polycyclic hydrocarbons such as benzopyrene, [17] several natural compounds, [10] and dioxins. [1] Secondly, AH receptors are involved in the activation or silencing of genes that lead to the toxic effects of high doses of dioxins. [1]
Genes of enzymes activating the breakdown of foreign and often toxic compounds are classic examples of such genes (enzyme induction). TCDD increases the enzymes breaking down, e.g., carcinogenic polycyclic hydrocarbons such as benzo(a)pyrene. [10] These polycyclic hydrocarbons also activate the AH receptor, but less than TCDD and only ...
Due to its molecular weight, naphthalene is the most soluble and mobile PAH found in groundwater, whereas benzo(a)pyrene is the most toxic one. PAHs are generally produced as byproducts by incomplete combustion of organic matter. [citation needed] Organic pollutants can also be found in groundwater as insecticides and herbicides. As many other ...
(+)-Benzo[a]pyrene-7,8-dihydrodiol-9,10-epoxide is an organic compound with molecular formula C 20 H 14 O 3.It is a metabolite and derivative of benzo[]pyrene (found in tobacco smoke [1]) as a result of oxidation to include hydroxyl and epoxide functionalities.
Fluoranthene is one of the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency's 16 priority pollutant PAHs. Fluoranthene has been classified by the International Agency for Research on Cancer as a group 3 carcinogen, "not classifiable as to its carcinogenicity to humans"[1], however it was found to possess carcinogenic properties in case of newborn mice according to short-term lung tumor assay (Busby et al ...