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A botnet is a group of Internet-connected devices, each of which runs one or more bots. Botnets can be used to perform distributed denial-of-service (DDoS) attacks, steal data, [1] send spam, and allow the attacker to access the device and its connection. The owner can control the botnet using command and control (C&C) software. [2]
One example of blocking malicious domains is to stop botnets, by interrupting the DNS names the botnet is programmed to use for coordination. [8] Another use is to block ad serving sites, either using a host's file-based sinkhole [9] or by locally running a DNS server (e.g., using a Pi-hole). Local DNS servers effectively block ads for all ...
The Storm botnet's operators control the system via peer-to-peer techniques, making external monitoring and disabling of the system more difficult. [21] [22] There is no central "command-and-control point" in the Storm botnet that can be shut down. [23] The botnet also makes use of encrypted traffic. [24]
A fast-flux service network (FFSN) is a network infrastructure resultant of the fast-fluxed network of compromised hosts; the technique is also used by legitimate service providers such as content distribution networks (CDNs) where the dynamic IP address is converted to match the domain name of the internet host, usually for the purpose of load balancing using round-robin domain name system ...
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The Mariposa botnet, discovered December 2008, [1] is a botnet mainly involved in cyberscamming and denial-of-service attacks. [2] [3] Before the botnet itself was dismantled on 23 December 2009, it consisted of up to 12 million unique IP addresses or up to 1 million individual zombie computers infected with the "Butterfly (mariposa in Spanish) Bot", making it one of the largest known botnets.
Psyb0t targets modems and routers with little-endian MIPS processor running on Mipsel Linux firmware. It is a part of botnet operated by IRC command-and-control servers. After infecting, psyb0t blocks access to the router TCP ports 22, 23, 80.
The Kelihos botnet is a so-called peer-to-peer botnet, where individual botnet nodes are capable of acting as command-and-control servers for the entire botnet. In traditional non-peer-to-peer botnets, all the nodes receive their instructions and "work" from a limited set of servers – if these servers are removed or taken down, the botnet will no longer receive instructions and will ...