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A lisp is a speech impairment in which a person misarticulates sibilants (, , , , , , , ) . [1] These misarticulations often result in unclear speech in languages with phonemic sibilants. Types
The goal of voice therapy is to encourage proper vocal used and decrease the tension of the laryngeal muscles. [15] Examples of voice therapy include voice exercises to help increase glottic closure, vocal hygiene, manual laryngeal therapy, respiratory exercises, nasal exercises and frequency modulation amongst other techniques.
Interventions are more effective when they occur individually at first, and between three and five times per week. With improvements, children with apraxia may be transitioned into group therapy settings. Therapeutic exercises must focus on planning, sequencing, and coordinating the muscle movements involved in speech production.
Speech disorders affect roughly 11.5% of the US population, and 5% of the primary school population. [5] Speech is a complex process that requires precise timing, nerve and muscle control, and as a result is susceptible to impairments. A person who has a stroke, an accident or birth defect may have speech and language problems. [6]
The frontal speech regions of the brain have been shown to participate in speech sound perception. [ 5 ] Broca's Area is today still considered an important language center, playing a central role in processing syntax, grammar, and sentence structure.
Retrain oral, lingual, and facial muscles to facilitate correct resting posture of tongue, lips, and jaw; Establish mature swallowing patterns; Prevent relapses after orthodontic treatment; Improve the relationship between dental arches; reduce open bite and overjet; Maintain overall facial muscle tone needed for chewing, swallowing, and speech
Stuttering modification therapy should not be used to promote fluent speech or presented as a cure for stuttering. Avoidance Reduction Therapy for Stuttering (ARTS) is an effective form of modification therapy. It is a framework based on theories developed by professor Joseph Sheehan and his wife Vivian Sheehan.
The SLP chooses specific therapy tasks and goals based on the speech and language abilities and needs of the individual. [10] In general for individuals with TMoA, treatment should capitalize on their strong auditory comprehension and repetition skills and address the individual's reduced speech output and difficulty initiating and maintaining ...